Do Now: What is the main job of the Judicial Branch?

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Aim: How did Chief Justice John Marshall expand the power of the federal government? Do Now: What is the main job of the Judicial Branch? What is the major power they have? Homework Study for Quiz on early Presidents Review Sheet for Test Study for Test #1-Unit 3

Supreme Court Walk Directions: You will be working in groups of 4 2. You and your group will be assigned one Supreme Court case to read and review as a group; take notes 3. Your group will now take the notes you and your group discusses and create an illustration which represents the case 4. You may include a caption or a title in your illustration 5. To be graded as a group.

Jigsaw Activity Each group will consist of four students and each student will read about one Supreme Court Case. Each member will read their case and complete the appropriate section of the chart. Once each member is finished, they will discuss their findings with the other group members and they will complete their charts.

I. Marshall Court Marbury vs. Madison - 1803 President Jefferson orders Madison not to deliver official letters to any Adams appointed Midnight Judges (Federalist judges appointed by John Adams in the final hours of his presidency). Court ruled that they could not force the President to make an appointment – ruled the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional. This decision firmly established the principle of Judicial Review, by which the Supreme Court has the power to review Congressional laws and the power to reject them if unconstitutional. Gave more power to the federal government.

Dartmouth College vs. Woodward - 1819 New Hampshire state legislature amended (changed) the College’s charter, making it a state university Ruled that the contract Dartmouth College made with the English King stood firm and was protected by the Constitution making it a private not a state run college. The College charter was a contract protected by the Constitution and the state of New Hampshire was bound to respect the original charter. Gave more power to the federal government.

McCulloch vs. Maryland - 1819 Whether the state of Maryland had the right to tax a federal agency which was properly set up by the United States Congress. The national bank was immune to state taxation. Strengthened the power of the National government over the Sate government exercising its power in the Elastic Clause. Gave more power to the federal government.

Gibbons vs. Ogden - 1824 Whether the New York statue that prohibited vessels licensed by the United States from navigating the waters of New York was unconstitutional Rules that Congress can legislate and regulate all matters of interstate commerce and a state can only regulate commerce within its own borders (intrastate) Gave more power to the federal government.

Exit Slip: Evaluate Marshall’s legacy. In what ways, if any, do you think Marshall’s decisions have influenced history? Are they relevant today? Explain your opinions.