MANUAL HANDLING OF MATERIALS METALWORKING INDUSTRIES A TRAINING FOR THE METALWORKING INDUSTRIES

Table of Contents Introduction Risk management on manual handling Hazards associated with manual handling Common injuries & occupational diseases Proper manual handling methodology Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) Job design to prevent injuries Case study

Introduction Manual handling is a common activity in most workplaces It includes lifting, lowering, pulling, pushing, carrying, moving, holding or restraining an object Injuries and musculoskeletal disorders affect the back, neck, shoulders, arms & hands It can be prevented through a systemic approach of identification, assessment and control of risks associated with manual handling

Occupational Diseases in Singapore Source: Ministry of Manpower

Risk Management on Manual Handling Required to manage risks under WSH (Risk Management) regulations Assess the risk Take all reasonably practical steps Eliminate any risks

Risk Management on Manual Handling Step 1: Identification of hazard Picture source: http://www.safetyworld.com/images/101.gif

Risk Management on Manual Handling Step 2: Assess the risk Dependent on severity of risk and likelihood of hazards occurring severity X likelihood = risk level Risk Level = Low, Moderate or High

Risk Management on Manual Handling Severity Minor   Moderate   Major   Likelihood Remote Low Low Medium Occasional Low Medium High Frequent Medium High High

Risk Management on Manual Handling Step 3: Select Measures to Control and Reduce Risk Based on hierarchy of hazards control 1st – Remove the hazard 2nd – Guard the remaining hazards 3rd – Mitigate impact of hazard

Risk Management on Manual Handling HIERARCHY OF HAZARDS CONTROL

Hazards Associated with Manual Handling - Heavy Lifting over 25kg load can result in back injury Picture source: http://www.masterlift.ie/images/HealthAndSaftey/HandS.jpg

Hazards Associated with Manual Handling - Heavy

Hazards Associated with Manual Handling - Sharp Potential Cuts on the fingers Picture source : http://www.prab.com Picture source : http://www.offscreen.com/images/remote2.jpg Picture source: http://www.whimsie.com/sheet%20metal%20rolls.jpg

Hazards Associated with Manual Handling – Odd shapes Absence of grip to hold the load Obstruction of walking view Picture source: http://make-a-box.com Picture source: http://www.fork-lift-trucks.info

Hazards Associated with Manual Handling – Toxic substances Skin exposure to chemicals Picture source: http://discountpowerparts.com Coolant Lubricants Picture source: http://www.vacmagic.com/images/fixture%20macchining%20scene.jpg

Hazards Associated with Manual Handling – Toxic substances Exposure to chemical dust, fumes & vapours Picture source: http://www.railcamp.com Picture source: http://www.airborncoatings.com/images/air3.gif

Common Injuries From Manual Handling Neck Strain Picture source: http://www.abcbodybuilding.com/exercise2/neckspra.jpg

Common Injuries From Manual Handling Wrist Sprains Back Sprains Picture source: http://athleticscholarships.net/back%20pain.jpg Picture source: http://www.drfoot.co.uk/pictures/wrist.jpg

Common Injuries From Manual Handling Shoulder pain Upper back pain Picture source: http://www.gotosee.co.uk Picture source: http://medicineworld.org

Common Injuries From Manual Handling Slips, trips and fall Picture source: http://www.istockphoto.com Picture source: http://www.greenbergmassarelli.com/Images/slip_fall.jpg

Common Injuries From Manual Handling Cuts Picture source : http://krismarkel.com/eclaircie/photos/uncategorized/ouch.JPG Picture source: http://www.thealmightyguru.com/Boffer/Images/FA-MinorCut.jpg

Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Skin dermatitis Picture source: http://www.osh.govt.nz

Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Skin dermatitis Picture source: http://www.ascc.gov.au

Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Occupational respiratory & lung diseases Picture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-ww5r370.jpg Picture source: http://myweb.lsbu.ac.uk/dirt/museum/simon/68-776-gse15.jpg

Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Occupational eye diseases Picture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-r7_conjunctivitis.jpg

ALWAYS KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT WHILE LIFTING Proper Manual Handling - Individual ALWAYS KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT WHILE LIFTING Step 4: Ensure your legs are stable before moving off Step 1: Hold the load firmly Step 2: Keep the load close to you Step 3: Lift the load by pushing up your leg

Proper Manual Handling - Individual Lifting aids

Proper Manual Handling - Individual Lifting aids

Proper Manual Handling - Individual Lifting aids Source: CP 92 : 2002

Proper Manual Handling – Team Team/buddy lifting Picture source: www.fork-lift-trucks.info

Proper Manual Handling – Team Team/buddy lifting Picture source: http://www.atlasstraps.com/example2.gif

Selection of PPE for Manual Handling Are there any sharp or point edges? Is it enough to prevent injuries or occupational diseases? Does the PPE fit you correctly? Does the PPE wear out easily? Is it based on chemical properties of the substance? Does it minimize contact with chemicals? Is it easy to clean and maintain?

Use of PPE for Manual Handling Safety boots Protective gloves Helmets Working apron or overalls Goggles or safety glasses Face mask or respirators Picture source: http://www.osha.gov

Use of PPE for Manual Handling Safety boots Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://www.veganline.com/safety-boot-big.jpg

Use of PPE for Manual Handling Protective gloves Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://www.dkimages.com

Use of PPE for Manual Handling Helmets Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://myweb.datahalland.se/w-15080/admin/picture/20050919154156.jpg

Use of PPE for Manual Handling Working apron or safety overalls Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://www.anzic-int.com Picture source: http://www.dashackoutdoors.com

Use of PPE for Manual Handling Goggles or safety glasses Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://teachertech.rice.edu Picture source: http://www.wintex.ca/english/Images/PPE026b.gif

Use of PPE for Manual Handling Face mask or respirator Picture source: http://www.ammex.com Picture source: http://www.shingleberrysigns.com Picture source: http://www.toolrage.com

Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Team handling for heavy or odd shape loads Breaks to reduce muscular fatigue Handlers job rotation between heavy and light activities Rearrange workplace to reduce twisting, stretching & stooping Picture source : http://www.ilo.org

Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Keep heavy loads around waist level Use of mechanical handling aid Package heavy materials into smaller container Picture source: http://www.osha.gov Picture source: CP 92 : 2002

Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Provide handles, hand grips or indents for loads Loads to be free from dust, oil, corrosive deposits, sharp corners, jagged edges or rough surfaces Indents & Handles Picture source : http://www.saylorsfarm.com Picture source : http://www.powerwheel-usa.com

Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Provide secondary containment for chemicals Picture source : http://www.smithsofthedean.co.uk Picture source : http://www.fuelproof.co.uk

Case Study The Case of Peter Peter injured his back while moving some large drums. He has previously suffered from back problems but felt that it was under control. His doctor had advised him not to lift anything above 20 kg but he had not passed this information to his boss. The injury was serious enough to land Peter in the hospital. Subsequently Peter was diagnosed with a torn disk. Peter admitted the drums were heavy, but wanted to have the job done. What should Peter have done? Picture source : http://education.qld.gov.au/health/injury/casestudy.html

Summary of Key Points Common injuries and occupational diseases Hazards from manual handling Common injuries and occupational diseases Proper manual handling methods Use of PPE Job designs to prevent manual handling injuries

Musculoskeletal injuries and Occupational diseases is preventable Be proactive: it is up to US to prevent it

Thank You

References: CP 92: 2002 Code of Practice for Manual Handling Ministry of Manpower – Guidelines for Manual Handling SS 437 : 1999 Part 2 : Specification for personal eye-protectors part 2 : selection, use and maintenance SS 513 : 2005 Part 1 : Personal protective equipment – footwear. Part 1: Safety footwear CP 74 : 1998 Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protection devices

Appendix 1

Appendix 1

Appendix 1