Biogel Paste and Electrode System for Rapid Neonatal Monitoring Russel Hirsch, M.D. Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Diector, Pulmonary Hypertension Service

Title The Issue Wet skin surface to attach electrodes or other electrical instrumentation for example: Immediate newborn monitoring is frequently delayed due to inability of standard ECG electrodes to adhere to wet or moist skin surface Observation of skin color, respiration attempts and cord pulse may impede speed of onset of standard neonatal resuscitation Most relevant when: Emergency deliveries Associated congenital heart disease Potential need for immediate neonatal intervention However: This is a universal problem

Current Practice Immediate drying, warming and stimulation of patient Palpation of cord pulse and auscultation in newborn (inaccurate, emergency situation) Attempted placement of standard ECG electrodes and other monitoring devices (pulse oximeter and temperature probes, etc.) Often need to be replaced or repositioned when they slip off due to skin moisture and vernix

The Proposed Solution Inexpensive. Short term use. Disposable. Electroconductive material or electrode that adheres to a wet surface of the skin without breaking down the tissue.

Restrictions / Limitations Material needs to stay in place, and should not spread Should be easy to remove Non-allergenic Non-reactive Ability to interact with existing monitors, EEG, ECG, etc. Interface with commercially available ECG monitors

Summary Integrated system that allows for immediate neonatal monitoring under adverse skin conditions and other wet enviroments  Low-tech / Inexpensive / Reusable tube Potential for widespread use