Classical Civilizations Global Review #2

Classical Civilizations What are the three characteristics of Classical Civilizations? All Classical Civilization have a GOLDEN AGE!!!! P Strong, Centralized Government eace Strong trade networks and strong economy rosperity Contributions rogress

Greece Geography Accomplishments Mountains: Divided Greeks  City- States Sea: Dependent on Mediterranean Sea for food and resources; skilled sea traders DEMOCRACY! -Philosophy- human reason (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle) Traded with Persians and other Mediterranean seatraders

Rome Geography Accomplishments Mediterranean Sea: location at center = control of Med. Sea trade Large Empire controlled many diverse peoples LAW! The Twelve Tables Advances in Engineering aqueducts, ROADS -Greco-Roman Culture -Split in half—Western Rome (Middle Ages) and Byzantine Empire

Gupta Geography Accomplishments India Himalayas in North: isolate and protect India; Monsoons- seasonal winds that bring rain and fertile soil MATH! Concept of zero and decimals Influenced by Hinduism Sanskrit record keeping

Han Geography Accomplishments Chinese Government? Mountain, plateaus and deserts in Western China isolation  ethnocentrism Influenced Korea and Japan Civil Service exams based on Confucianism (rule by example) Trade on Silk Road Dynastic Cycle- rise and fall of dynasties (ruling families) Mandate of Heaven- divine approval to rule

All Empire Fall for the same reasons: What are they? Internal External Corrupt Government High Taxes Weak Military Declining infrastructure (bad roads= lack of trade) Weak Borders Outside invaders! Attacks!

MANDATE OF HEAVEN

CLASSICAL GREECE POLIS = City State Formed because Greece is mountainous and an archipelago

ATHENS VS SPARTA

ALEXANDER THE GREAT Alexander the Great conquered Egypt, Persia and India. He spread Hellenic culture through his area of control. Through cultural diffusion Hellenistic culture developed

ROME Upper Class  Patricians Lower Class  Plebeians

Accomplishments of Rome Law Roman 12 Tables Engineering Coliseum Aqueducts Columns

The Silk Road was a trade route that connected the Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire