Abnormal Cell Division

Neoplasia Inappropriate cell mitosis “Neo” - new “plasia” - growth Completely abnormal → not part of the body plan “Neo” - new “plasia” - growth

Benign “Innocent” Not usually dangerous to health Not progressive

Can be problematic because in many areas of the body, there is no where for mass to grow Example: spinal column, brain

Tumor Solid mass of cells (may be benign or malignant)

Characteristics of Benign Tumors Tumor does not spread Usually encapsulated Tumor appears neat and organized (cancer appears abnormal) Cells look normal Does not usually become cancerous

Benign Tumors Can be problematic if they put pressure on organs or vessels Treatment: surgery Do not usually grow back

Benign Salivary Gland Tumor ©http://www. arquivosdeorl. org

Cyst Fluid-filled mass surrounded by a fibrous capsule All cysts are benign Very common, found all over Some may grow to unusual sizes if not removed

Large Ovarian Cyst ©http://bms. brown

Ganglion Cyst on the Wrist ©http://thefuntimesguide

Polyp Abnormal growth of tissues projecting from a mucous membrane Made of epithelial cells All are mushroom shaped Can become cancerous if it is in an area that irritates the tissue

Polyp in the Colon

Polyp Most often found in the colon, stomach, nose, sinuses, bladder, uterus Scope often finds the polyp and it can be removed by a physician

Biopsy: Sample is taken and determined if the tissue is cancerous

Malignant Cancer “CA”

Malignant Tumor Do grow aggressively Do invade the cells found in surrounding tissue Do metastasize (spread to different areas)

Carcinoma Any malignant tumor that comes from epithelial cells Originate in the lining or covering any organ Over 90% of malignant tumors are carcinomas

Sarcoma Malignant tumor originates in muscle, nerve, or connective tissue 10% of malignant tumors

©http://www.scienceclarified.com/images/uesc_10_img0585.jpg

Diffuse Found all over the body Inoperable Use of chemotherapy is the most effective treatment for leukemia and lymphoma

Leukemia: cancer of the blood or bone marrow Usually an overproduction of wbc Lymphoma: type of cancer that originates in the lymphocytes