The United States In World War II Chapter 24 The United States In World War II
Sec. 1 The War in Europe & N. Africa Review of WWII Battles Operation Barbarossa Hitler breaks “Non Aggression” Pact with Soviet Union by invading Soviet Union in Summer of 1941 Uses Blitzkreig and takes much of western Russia Battle of Stalingrad – Soviets defeat Germans. Hitler’s forces begin retreat back to Germany. HITLER LOOSES 2 MILLION TROPPS . . . Invasion of Soviet Union a TOTAL FAILURE!
Operation Torch Allies invade Morocco and Algeria: Nov. 1942 July 1943: Allies attack Italy from Africa
July 1943: Allies take Sicily Italians overthrow Mussolini Allies Slowed by Nazis
Operation Overlord Stalin needed help fighting Hitler on continental Europe Allies needed to launch massive invasion of Europe Calais or Normandy? CALAIS NORMANDY
June 6, 1944: D-DAY
10,000+ Allied Casualties 6,000 American Casualties
Battle of the Bulge As the Allies moves east towards Germany, Germans launch a massive counterattack in Belgium. Hitler launched this attack for 3 reasons: Stop the Allies march to Germany Cut off the Allies supplies by controlling the port of Antwerp Break up the Allied alliance
“The Bulge” German armored divisions strike and push the Allied line back—creating a “bulge” Allied front line
Americans defeat Germans at Bastonne and push Germans back. By January, Allies continue marching forward toward Germany. Victory gives Americans renewed strength and determination of victory
Battle of the Bulge
SWITCH GEARS!
The Holocaust
Hitler’s Ideology Born an Austrian . . . Believed in the superiority & unity of the German peoples Lead the National Socialist Party (Nazi’s) Promoted belief in the racial superiority of the German (Aryan) race. Anti-Semitic – Hostility, hatred and prejudice against the Jewish people Jews blamed for all of Germany’s problems Hitler believed Europe needed to be purged of all Jews
MEIN KAMPF (“My Struggle”) Book wrote by Hitler while in prison Hitler wrote of his philosophy and goals Focused on greatness of Germany and Hitler’s racism towards Jews
Mein Kampf Quotes… “The [Nazi party] should not become a “The personification of the devil as the symbol of all evil assumes the living shape of the Jew.” “The broad masses of a population are more amenable to the appeal of rhetoric than to any other force.” “The [Nazi party] should not become a constable of public opinion, but must dominate it. It must not become servant of the masses, but thei master!”
The Aryan Race “The Master Race” according to Hitler Believed German people were superior in appearance (blond hair/blue eyes idea) intelligence talent courage. Led to Hitler’s belief that non-Aryans had to be exterminated
Hitler’s Ideas in Action Nuremberg Laws – Ant-Semitic German laws passed under Hitler designed to drive Jews out of Germany. Defined who was and wasn’t a Jew Jews denied citizenship in Nazi Germany Jews prohibited from marrying Germans Jews prohibited from displaying Nazi flag
Kristallnacht “Night of broken glass” Night of anti-Jewish riots and attacks across Germany Thousands of Jewish business and Synagogues damaged 100 Jews murdered
Over 26,000 Jews Arrested and sent to concentration camps
As Hitler took over Europe he imprisoned millions of Jews Ghettos – Neighborhoods in cities that Jews were confined to live in
As Hitler took over Europe he imprisoned millions of Jews Concentration Camps – Prison compounds that imprisoned Jews and political enemies of Nazi Germany Prisoners received little food and forced to perform hard labor Starvation and overwork designed to kill Examples: Dachau and Treblinka
GENOCIDE The Final Solution Hitler’s call for the total destruction of the Jewish population of Europe through Extermination Camps GENOCIDE
HOMEWORK Go over Section 3 on the War in the Pacific Complete the remainder of the Cornell Notes