Birth: Acceptance or rejection by father

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Presentation transcript:

Birth: Acceptance or rejection by father Less of a concern by 1st c. BC

Education (Early Republic): At home until c. 7, then at home (girls) or with father (boys) c. 15 toga virilis, friend of father c. 17 military service, older mentor

3rd-2nd c. BC Hellenisation of Roman educational system By end 1st c. BC Primary schools (ludi literarii)

c. 12-15 Division of sexes vis-à-vis education c. 14 Girls often married off at this age Boys continuing education at secondary school under grammaticus (teacher of grammar and literature) Young men subsequently learning rhetoric from rhetor (master of rhetoric) Early 1st c. BC movement aiming to establish course in Latin rhetoric. Banned by censors in 92 BC. Ban later lifted by Julius Caesar

Marriage: Arranged, contractual relationship. Celebrated with sacrifices, ceremonies, party!

Women in Late Republic: Involvement in politics (e.g. Porcia, wife of Brutus; Hortensia in 42 BC) Respect for talents (e.g. Cornelia, wife of Pompey) Dynastic marriages

Women in Late Republic: Accusations of sexual misconduct Lower class women: slaves, freedwomen, poor freeborn women Prostitution: fornices (archways)

Leges Juliae (18 BC): To regulate morality and family life, incl: Punishments for adultery Forbidding certain types of sexual activity Concern to encourage production of legitimate offspring by citizens

Death: Funerals of the poor and rich