Human Growth and Development Day #9 April 8, 2010

Agenda Watch Taylor slide show Post - partum issues Infancy Film: The Child – part 1 Assignment

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fejTulMNaPM October 2008 Amillia is also taking steps in their Homestead home and sounding out her few words and developmentally progressing very well. 26 pounds 26 ½ inches tall

Interventions for Low Birth Weight/Preterm Infants Kangaroo care -- a way of holding an infant so that there is skin-to-skin contact for two to three hours per day over an extended time in early infancy (Feldman & others, 2003) Massage therapy -- firm stroking with the palms of the hands three times per day for 15-minute periods (Field & others, 1986)

Bonding Bonding -- formation of a connection, especially a physical bond, between parents and the newborn in the period shortly after birth Bonding is inhibited by Anesthesia during labor Hospital policies that separate mothers from infants

The Postpartum Period Postpartum period -- lasts for about six weeks after childbirth or delivery or until the mother’s body has completed its adjustment and has returned to a nearly prepregnant state Physical and psychological adjustments

Physical Adjustments Fatigue can undermine the new mother’s sense of well-being and confidence in her ability to cope with a new baby Dramatic changes in hormone production Involution -- process by which the uterus returns to its pre-pregnant size

Emotional and Psychological Adjustments Baby blues -- two to three days after birth, many women begin to feel depressed, anxious, and upset Postpartum depression -- a major depressive episode about four weeks after delivery strong feelings of sadness, anxiety, or despair that for at least a two-week period inhibit coping with daily tasks

Fathers’ Adjustment Fathers also undergo considerable adjustment in the postpartum period, even when they work away from home all day Many fathers feel that the baby comes first and gets all of the mother’s attention Some feel that they have been replaced by the baby. (Cox, 2006; Piheiro & others, 2006)

Treatments for Postpartum Issues Without professional treatment, postpartum depression may become worse and last for many months (Driscoll, 2006) Parents should set aside some special time to be together Father’s postpartum reaction also likely will be improved if he has taken childbirth classes with the mother and is an active participant in caring for the baby

Growth from Birth to Age 1 PSYC 1120 Chapters 4 – 8 Part 1

The Brain Right and left halves are joined by the corpus callosum. House calls it the Brooklyn Bridge connecting the two most important neighborhoods Myelination

Myelin Sheath Insulation on axon to improve speed of transmission. Also insulates axon from activity of other neurons.

Film: The Child

Reflexes Survival reflexes Breathing Sucking Rooting Swallowing

Other Reflexes Startle or Moro Babinski Walking (stepping) Swimming

http://videos. howstuffworks http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery- channel/398-understanding-the-brain- development-video.htm http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/1272 4-in-control-reflexes-video.htm http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/2381 5-the-brain-and-spinal-cord-the-pathways- video.htm

Motor Skills Gross Motor Skills large body movements such as running, climbing, jumping and throwing Earliest and easiest to be mastered

Fine Motor Skills are smaller body movements such as drawing, buttoning, coloring, tying shoes, using tools, etc.. require some maturation nervous system of to develop

Types of Play* Sensorimotor Play Parallel Play Rough and Tumble Play Play Face Mastery Play Dramatic Play * not a complete list; categories are not mutually exclusive

Assignment Finish reading Chapters 4-6 Infancy Begin reading Chapters 7 – 8 Preschool