Lower Limb Regions Hip Knee Ankle Foot

Hip Osteology

Pelvis Sacrum coxal (hip) bones coxal (hip) bones

Anterior posterior trochanter: Greek = a runner; hence, the bony landmark, the greater trochanter, which moves so obviously in running.

Medial Lateral

Femoral hernia A femoral hernia is more common in women than in men.

X-Ray of Hip

Movements of the Hip Joint 1. Femoral-on-Pelvic Osteokinematics: rotation of the femur about a fixed pelvis 2. Pelvic-on-Femoral Osteokinematics: rotation of the pelvis over fixed femurs Names of Movements: Flexion and Extension in Sagittal Plane Abduction and Adduction in Frontal Plane Internal and External Rotation in the Horizontal Plane 12

Knee osteology

Tibia Proximal end

Tibiofemoral (knee) Joint

Attachments

Strengthening Anterior Aspect of Knee Joint Patellar ligament Strengthening Anterior Aspect of Knee Joint

Leg and Ankle