organ of hearing (vestibulocochlear organ) external ear, the middle ear or tympanic cavity, the internal ear or labyrinth

External ear auricula or pinna, and the external acoustic meatus. External Acoustic Meatus cartilaginous portion osseous portion The Tympanic Membrane It is a thin, semitransparent membrane 1. Tympanic membrane. 2. Umbo. 3. Handle of the malleus. 4. Lateral process. 5. Pars flaccida.

Middle ear tympanic cavity auditory tube mastoid sinus mastoid cell

Tympanic cavity Wall superior-Tegmental Wall infeiior-Jugular Wall anterior-carotid wall posterior-mastoid wall lateral-Membranous medial –Labyrinthic wall internal structure Auditory Ossicles malleus, incus, stapes.

Auditory tube tympanic cavity communicates with the nasal part of the pharynx The tube is opened during deglutition . It is formed partly of bone, partly of cartilage and fibrous tissue

mastoid sinus and cells

internal ear Labyrinthus osseus Labyrinthus membranaceus;

labyrinthus osseus    vestibule, semicircular canals cochlea

The Semicircular Ducts The Ductus Cochlearis Membranous labyrinth The Utricle The Saccule (macula acustica ) The Semicircular Ducts (crista ampullaris ) The Ductus Cochlearis (spiral organ of Corti )

conduction of sound

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