Cell Physiology

Cell Physiology Most cells have the ability to: Metabolize Digest foods Dispose of wastes Reproduce Grow Move Respond

Membrane Transport Cell membrane is selectively permeable Passive Transport No energy input from the cell Active Transport Requires energy from the cell

Passive Transport Diffusion Movement from high to low concentration Molecule requirements Small Lipid soluble Have a membrane carrier Osmosis Diffusion of water Filtration Force by pressure not concentration High pressure to low pressure Simple diffusion Facilitated diffusion

Active Transport Requires ATP input from cell Solute pumps Specialized protein carriers Most move from low to high concentration

Vesicular Transport Also requires ATP Exocytosis Endocytosis Moves materials out of cell Endocytosis Phagocytosis Cell eating Protective function Pinocytosis Cell drinking Routine process

Cell Life Cycle Results in identical daughter cells Consists of interphase and cell division Interphase Longer phase, preparations to divide Cell division Mitosis Division of the nucleus Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm

Cell Cycle

Protein Synthesis Proteins are essential to cell life Two major processes Transcription Occurs in nucleus DNA is transcribed into mRNA Translation mRNA moves from nucleus mRNA translated into proteins tRNA transfers amino acids Ribosome assembles protein