Structures of herbicides in complex with their detoxifying enzyme glutathione S- transferase – explanations for the selectivity of the enzyme in plants

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Structures of herbicides in complex with their detoxifying enzyme glutathione S- transferase – explanations for the selectivity of the enzyme in plants Lars Prade, Robert Huber, Babara Bieseler Structure Volume 6, Issue 11, Pages 1445-1452 (November 1998) DOI: 10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00143-9

Figure 1 Chemical formulae for the herbicide–GSH complexes. (a) Atrazine, (b) FOE-4053, (c) alachlor and (d) metolachlor. SG represents the GSH moiety. Structure 1998 6, 1445-1452DOI: (10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00143-9)

Figure 2 Stereoview of the active site of GST-I from maize. The bound atrazine–GSH conjugate is shown in red. Residues of the H site are labelled; atoms are shown in standard colours. The final |2Fo–Fc| map contoured at 0.9σ is shown in blue and the |Fo–Fc| map, which was calculated before the inhibitor was build in, contoured at 2.5σ is shown in dark green. Structure 1998 6, 1445-1452DOI: (10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00143-9)

Figure 3 Stereoview of the active site of araGST in complex with the FOE-4053–GSH conjugate. The bound FOE-4053–GSH is shown in green. All residues contributing to the H site are labelled; atoms are shown in standard colours. The final |2Fo–Fc| map contoured at 0.9σ is shown in blue and the |Fo–Fc| map, which was calculated before the inhibitor was built in, contoured at 2.5σ is shown in red. Structure 1998 6, 1445-1452DOI: (10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00143-9)

Figure 4 Schematic drawings of the transition states and products of the snar and sn2 reactions. The important angles are marked and their values are given. The transition states of (a) the snar and (b) the sn2 reactions. (c,d) The products of these reactions. Structure 1998 6, 1445-1452DOI: (10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00143-9)

Figure 5 Overlay of the active sites of GST-I and araGST. The atrazine–GSH conjugate is shown in red and the FOE-4053–GSH conjugate is in green. Residues of the GST-I H site are in brown and those of araGST are in blue. The numbering is according to the GST-I sequence. Structure 1998 6, 1445-1452DOI: (10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00143-9)

Figure 6 Amino acid sequence alignment of five plant GST sequences. The sequences are labelled according to their name in the Swiss Prot database: GTH1_Wheat [38], GTH4_Maize [39], GTH1_Maize [19], GTH4_Arath [40] and GTH3_Maize [20]. The numbering is according to the GST-I sequence. Residues participating in the G and H sites are shown in green and red, respectively. Structure 1998 6, 1445-1452DOI: (10.1016/S0969-2126(98)00143-9)