Therapeutic angiogenesis in chronically ischemic porcine myocardium: comparative effects of bFGF and VEGF G.Chad Hughes, MD, Shankha S Biswas, MD, Bangliang.

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Therapeutic angiogenesis in chronically ischemic porcine myocardium: comparative effects of bFGF and VEGF G.Chad Hughes, MD, Shankha S Biswas, MD, Bangliang Yin, MD, R.Edward Coleman, MD, Timothy R DeGrado, PhD, Carolyn K Landolfo, MD, James E Lowe, MD, Brian H Annex, MD, Kevin P Landolfo, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 77, Issue 3, Pages 812-818 (March 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.060

Fig 1 Normalized LCx regional MBF as measured by PET. LCx MBF expressed on the y-axis as percentage of flow in reference nonischemic septum. See text for details (*p less than 0.05 versus baseline measurement within group). A significant increase in LCx regional MBF was seen in the IM bFGF, IM VEGF165, and IV VEGF165 groups. MBF was not measured at 3 months in sham group. ■ = baseline; □ = 3-month follow-up; ▧ = 6-month follow-up. (bFGF = basic fibroblast growth factor; IM = intramyocardial; IV = intravenous; LCx = left circumflex; MBF = myocardial blood flow; PET = positron emission tomography; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 77, 812-818DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.060)

Fig 2 (A) Rest and (B) stress LCx regional WMSI by dobutamine stress echocardiography. WMSI = 1 is normal, with higher numbers indicating worsening wall motion. See text for details (*p < 0.05 versus baseline measurement within group). (A) A small but statistically significant improvement in resting LCx regional wall motion was seen in the IV VEGF165 animals only. (B) Likewise, small but statistically significant improvements in peak stress wall motion were seen in the IM bFGF and IV VEGF165 groups. WMSI was not measured at 3 months in sham group. ■ = baseline; □ = 3-month follow-up; ▧ = 6-month follow-up. (bFGF = basic fibroblast growth factor; IM = intramyocardial; IV = intravenous; LCx = left circumflex; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; WMSI = wall motion score index.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 77, 812-818DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.060)

Fig 3 Endogenous endothelial alkaline phosphatase staining (original magnification 100×) of sections from chronically ischemic LCx myocardium treated with (A) IM bFGF, (B) IV VEGF165, (C) IM VEGF165, and (D) IM vehicle. Note the significantly greater blue staining intensity, characteristic of endothelial cells, in panels A through C when compared with panel D. (bFGF = basic fibroblast growth factor; IM = intramyocardial; IV = intravenous; LCx = left circumflex; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2004 77, 812-818DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.09.060)