T1 spin lifetimes in n-doped quantum wells and dots

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T1 spin lifetimes in n-doped quantum wells and dots John S. Colton Brigham Young University Students: (grad) Tyler Park (undergrads) Ken Clark David Meyer Daniel Craft Phil White Jane Cutler Funding acknowledgement: NASA EPSCoR program Talk for APS March Meeting Feb 27, 2012

Motivations Which materials are best? T1 = longitudinal lifetime, aka “spin relaxation time”, provides useful upper limit for T2, aka “spin coherence time” What do we learn about the physics? Example: in QDs, tuning lprobe will change subset of dots being studied. How will relaxation change with dot size?

Longitudinal Pump/Probe Method (independent gating) Colton et al., Solid State Comm. 152, 410 (2012)

Timing Diagram 12 ms PEM: ~ 1 ms (~10 periods) Pump: RCP pump LCP pump PEM: ~ 1 ms (~10 periods) Pump: Spin polarization (expected): Probe: scan relative delay, lockin signal @ PEM frequency

Data on bulk n-GaAs sample T1 from fit: 359 ns From Colton et al., Solid State Comm. 152, 410 (2012)

Self-Assembled Quantum Dots (InAs on GaAs) Spin Decay Photoluminescence T1 from fit: ~5 ms (using EOM to modulate pump laser in place of PEM)

GaAs Quantum Well: 14 nm, lightly doped Wavelength Dependence, cw response Kerr rotation signal (V) Low energy side: heavy hole exciton High energy side: light hole exciton Probe wavelength adjusted until response from QW seen

Not all directions created equal… Black = scan up,  Green = scan down,  block pump laser, value shifts down—“spin dragging” 50% duty 10% duty 5% duty 1% duty

Summary of Spin Lifetimes: 5K not reproducible lower energy side of peak higher energy side of peak Same value (T2*) No wavelength pattern

1.5K: Bi-exponential Decays black = raw data red = single exp fit: 265 ns blue = bi-exp fit: 226 ns, 1652 ns

Conclusions Quantum Dots: Quantum Well: T1 > 5 ms! Need much more data, including wavelength study to probe different dot sizes Quantum Well: Probable nuclear polarization and “spin dragging” Spin lifetimes from 50-250 ns at 5K; possibly up to 2 ms at 1.5 K Under some conditions we get two lifetimes bistability at 5K and large fields bi-exponential at 1.5 K Need to understand theory, discussions with Sophia Economou of NRL Measurements over 5 orders of magnitude in T1!