How did former allies become enemies after WWII?

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Presentation transcript:

How did former allies become enemies after WWII? Origins of the Cold War How did former allies become enemies after WWII?

United Nations (UN) 1945: At Yalta, US/Soviets/Britain agree to an intl peacekeeping body UN will have: 1) General Assembly (all vote on world issues) & 2) Security Council (11 vote on security issues/use of force) Stalin insists there should be permanent Sec. Council members with a veto power US, Britain, USSR, France and Rep of China get the veto

The Eastern Bloc Eastern Europe 1945: Yalta agreement calls for free elections in countries invaded by Nazi Germany Instead, Stalin installs communist “satellite states” in E. Europe The Eastern Bloc

Containment Policy 1946: Truman says Stalin lied & violated Yalta, Stalin states “Communism & Capitalism cannot coexist” Discuss Document: Why do you think Churchill gave the Iron Curtain speech? 1947: Truman Doctrine is announced, US will support free people resisting “outside pressures” Congress gives $700 million to Greece & Turkey (both “resisting” communist influence) US diplomat George Kennan writes the “X Article” saying US must “contain” spread of communism

The Marshall Plan June 1947: Secy of State George Marshall proposes that US should give $16 billion to W. Europe to rebuild from WW II Only western “non-communist” countries, except Yugoslavia get Marshall Plan money Pol cartoon discussion: How does the cartoonist think Stalin will react to the Marshall Plan?

Berlin Crisis Germany (incl. Berlin) divided after war, US gives Marshall Plan money to “Western German zones” (no money to East) Stalin says US in violation of Potsdam agreement, creates East Germany in Soviet Zone US, Britain, France will allow their zones to combine into W. Germany

The Berlin Blockade & Airlift Soviets/E. Germans block road access to West Berlin, hoping Truman will give up on city US will airlift supplies into city (can’t give up West Berlin, must contain communism) 278K flights were made (June 26-May 11) Stalin threatens military action, but ends blockade in May of 1949 After Berlin Crisis each Superpower forms a “defensive” alliance (NATO for US & Warsaw Pact for Soviets)

Berlin Airlift Political Cartoon Discuss: What is the cartoonist opinion of the Berlin Airlift, who may be the winners and losers and why?

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