Unit 4 – Plant Reproduction Lesson 9 - Mendel and Genetics Colorado Agriscience Curriculum

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP I. Gregor Mendel A) Geneticist who first developed the rules to predicting the pattern of heredity 1) Monk who did experiments with peas B) Heredity 1. passing of traits such as coat color, polled or horned, height, etc. from parents to offspring Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP I. Gregor Mendel C) Breeding Generations 1. P Generation a) parental generation 2. F1 Generation a) Filial Generation b) 1st offspring of P Generation 3. F2 Generation a) 2nd Filial Generation b) offspring of F1 Generation Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP I. Gregor Mendel D)3 Steps of Mendel’s Experiment 1. P Generation a) Allowed each variety to self pollinate for several generations 1. ensure that all offspring would display only one form of a particular trait (flower color) 2. Crossbred the two strains of the P generation - Recorded Data - Resulted in all purple flowers Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP I. Gregor Mendel D)3 Steps of Mendel’s Experiment 3. Allowed the F1 Generation to self-pollinate a) Resulted in the F2 Generation b) 1 out of every four flowers was white. Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP I. Gregor Mendel Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP II. Traits A) Chromosomes and Genes are in pairs 1. One chromosome is contributed by each parent 2. Chromosome Locus a) site where a gene is found on a chromosome B) Traits 1. For each inherited trait an individual has, there are two copies of that gene ( 1 from each parent) 2. Genes are what causes traits to appear a) each version is called an allele a) eye color, coat color, marbling, ribeye area, etc. Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

III. Genes Located on Corresponding Homologous Chromosomes may: A) Correspond to each other 1. homozygous B) Differ from each other 2. heterozygous C) Genes on corresponding chromosomes that control the same trait are called alleles Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP IV: Alleles A) Homozygous (BB or bb) 1. both alleles are the same B) Heterozygous (Bb) 1. two alleles are different C) The dominant (capital) allele is always expressed when it is present D) The recessive allele is only expressed when both copies of the gene are recessive Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP

V: Genotype and Phenotype A) Genotype 1. amount, order, and type of genes an individual has 2. genetic make-up of an individual B) Phenotype 1. Physical traits an individual possesses 2. Doesn’t take into account masked traits only expressed or dominant traits Unit 4, Lesson 9 Mendal and Genetics PP