Movement of Large Amounts of Material Downhill under Gravity Mass-Wasting Movement of Large Amounts of Material Downhill under Gravity
Soil Creep
Soil Creep
Soil Creep
Soil Creep, California
Colluvium, San Bernardino Mountains, California
Mystery or Soil Creep?
Four Years’ Mass-Wasting, Bosnia
Four Years’ Mass-Wasting, Bosnia 100*40/2 cm2 = 2000 cm2 (4 years) = 500 cm2 /year Removed from 1 km slope per year = 500 cm2 /100,000 cm = 1 cm/200 yr = 5000 cm (50 m)/m.y. = 50m /m.y. A 1-m (100 cm) soil mantle yields 500 cm2 /year, so movement = 500 cm2 /year/100 cm = 5 cm/year
Mudflows, California
Urban Planning, San Diego
Avalanche Chute, Colorado
Rockfalls, Yosemite, California
Landslide, Mount Saint Helens
Slide Lake, Wyoming
Sherman Glacier, Alaska, March 27, 1964
Viaont, Italy, October 9, 1963 1800 people died.
Yungay, Peru, May 31, 1970
Lituya Bay, Alaska, July 9, 1958
Lituya Bay, Before and After
Yungay, Peru, May 31, 1970
The Scour Line
The Highest Wave Ever Recorded