Baseline Comorbidity Associated With the Short-Term Effects of Exercise Intervention on Quality of Life in the Japanese Older Population: An Observational Study  Kotaro Tamari, PhD, PT  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  Volume 91, Issue 9, Pages 1363-1369 (September 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.06.014 Copyright © 2010 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 A flow diagram at the top part shows the process of participants' allocation into participants with “good” outcome and “others” and participants with “poor” outcome and “others” and subsequent data analyses (the top part is the section indicated above the solid horizontal line). Procedures to select good and poor respondent domains are described at the bottom part below the line. Abbreviations: BP, bodily pain; ER, emotional role; GH, general health; MH, mental health; PF, physical functioning; PR, physical role; SF, social functioning; VT, vitality. ⁎Required sample size calculated was 108 based on the effect size = .46 at an alpha of .01 and a beta of .20; †Domains that significantly improved at follow-up (P<.01); ‡Domains in which more than 20% of all participants showed a decline at follow-up. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2010 91, 1363-1369DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2010.06.014) Copyright © 2010 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions