Quality of Life and Adaptation in People With Spinal Cord Injury: Response Shift Effects From 1 to 5 Years Postinjury Carolyn E. Schwartz, ScD, Brian.

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Quality of Life and Adaptation in People With Spinal Cord Injury: Response Shift Effects From 1 to 5 Years Postinjury Carolyn E. Schwartz, ScD, Brian Stucky, PhD, Carly S. Rivers, PhD, Vanessa K. Noonan, PT, PhD, Joel A. Finkelstein, MD, MSc, FRCS(C) Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 99, Issue 8, Pages 1599-1608.e1 (August 2018) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.028 Copyright © 2018 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Mean FIM and SE of the mean over time in the study sample. FIM motor and total scores were much worse at admission and improved at discharge (prior to study period), and then stabilized at 1, 2, and 5 years postinjury (during the study period). The FIM cognitive scores did not change from admission through year 5. This stability is consistent with the natural history of SCI.25 Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2018 99, 1599-1608.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.028) Copyright © 2018 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Measurement model for SEM analysis. The measurement model used in response shift detection. Significant response shift effects are indicated by parameter estimate differences at each follow-up time point. Factor loadings are unstandardized, and factor variances equal 1.0. All coefficients are constrained to be equal across time unless noted. Factor covariates not shown include dummy variables for later dropout (eg, dummy variates at year 1 factors for participants who completed only year 1 [dropout] or year 1 and year 2). Additional covariates include propensity scores which adjust for age at injury, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and AIS scores. Abbreviations: GH, general health; MH, mental health; PF, physical functioning; RE, role emotional; RP, role physical; SF, social functioning; VT, vitality; Y1, year 1; Y2, year 2; Y5, year 5. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2018 99, 1599-1608.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.028) Copyright © 2018 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions