Williston, north dakota Changes in Land Use, 2005 - 2012 Williston, north dakota

HEIDI’S SLIDE Night view of the Bakken Formation First drills went in around the 1950s 2006 Parshall Oil Fields go into full swing This image shows how much development is going on in the area – look at lights from cities, but mostly the burning of natural gas from the well pads. ©www.aei-ideas.org 

Typical well pad HEIDI’S SLIDE This is the light pollution you’re seeing

Why williston? HEIDI’S SLIDE Williston sits near the geographical center of the Bakken Formation of the Williston Basin. Largest community (only Walmart for nearly 100 mile radius) © www.mitchellsoilfieldservice.com

What’s happening in williston? Housing construction man camps, RV parks Commercial / Industrial development Retail stores, Heavy equipment dealers, Hotels Developing well pads Road construction © themilliondollarway.blogspot.com © ecoflight.zenfolio.com HEIDI’S SLIDE Types of development occuring

What is the project PURPOSE? The project purpose is to quantify the changes in land use occurring in Williston for the benefit of civil and environmental planning. JENNIFER’S SLIDE

Methods overview Clipped NAIP to area of interest Resampled LANDSAT at 1 meter Stacked NAIP and LANDSAT spectral bands Performed supervised classification Performed change detection Analyzed results JENNIFER’S SLIDE

Area of interest JENNIFER’S SLIDE © http://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov

Area of interest 2005 HEIDI’S SLIDE AOI 2005 Notice all the ag fields and range lands?

Area of interest 2012 HEIDI’S SLIDE AOI 2012 Notice all the development over the ag fields

Landsat 7 imagery 2005 2012 © http://glovis.usgs.gov HEIDI’S SLIDE Adding landsat to get IR Added 5 of the 8 bands: blue, green, red, IR, and panchromatic Resample image from 30-m to 1-m resolution 2012 © http://glovis.usgs.gov

Stacking data layers JENNIFER’S SLIDE 2012 2005 Stacked images Layer 1 – NAIP “Natural Blue” Layer 2 – NAIP “Natural Green” Layer 3 – NAIP “Natural Red” Layer 4 – LandSat 7 Band 1, 0.45-0.50 µm Layer 5 – LandSat 7 Band 2, 0.52-0.60 µm Layer 6 – LandSat 7 Band 3, 0.63-0.69 µm Layer 7 – LandSat 7 Band 4, 0.77-0.90 µm Layer 8 – LandSat 7 Band 8, 0.52-0.90 µm

Supervised classification 2005 CLASSES: Developed Native Prairie Crop Field Bare Ag Soil Woody Swale / Wetland Road Water 2012 HEIDI’S SLIDE How did they classify? Look “through” the stripes

Supervised classification HEIDI’S SLIDE Compare the percentage of pixels assigned to each class between the years Developed is skewed because of the scan line error Numbers are not correct; too many are in Developed But you can see trends

Change detection data matrix Greatest change: Roads, Swale/Wetland, Unclassified. Least change: Native Prairie, Developed, Water HEIDI’S SLIDE What do these numbers mean? It should show us how much change there was Should tell us which land uses are being changed to which Percent change should tell us how much growth or reduction of each class we are experiencing The Stripes renders this data useless.

Discussion Decreasing trends Increasing trends Water, Crop, Woody, Native Prairie Increasing trends Swale/Wetland, Road, Bare Ag Soil, Developed Suppositions on land use class changes Based on secondary information Civil use of this information Environmental use of this information HEIDI - Discuss decreasing trends JENNIFER’S Discuss increasing trends HEIDI’S Discuss suppositions for changes Crop to developed or roads instead of NP, and why (T&E species 1973) Increase in wetlands (CWA Section 404) Decrease in Woody (NDPSC Revegetation, 80% in 6 years) Civil use of information Note trends Make policy decisions

Sources ecoflight.zenfolio.com themilliondollarway.blogspot.com www.dmr.nd.gov http://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/ http://glovis.usgs.gov/ www.hdrinc.com

Questions? © www.hdrinc.com