Enzymes

What are Enzymes? Enzymes are proteins. An enzyme is a catalyst. They speed up reactions that take place in your body.

What are Enzymes? Enzymes are very specific. Will only catalyze one specific reaction. Usually named for the reaction they catalyze. They are reusable and not permanently changed.

How Do Enzymes Work? Catalysts work by lowering the activation energy (the energy needed to start a chemical reaction) of the reaction=huge effect on the time it takes a reaction to happen!

Enzymes lower the activation energy! Without Enzyme With Enzyme Free Energy Progress of the reaction Reactants Products Free energy of activation

The Enzyme-Substrate Complex Substrate: The substance (reactant) an enzyme works on. Enzyme Joins Substrate

The Enzyme-Substrate Complex ACTIVE SITE: The part of the enzyme where the substrate binds to it. Active Site Enzyme Substrate

They fit together like puzzle pieces!

Video http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html

The Enzyme-Substrate Complex How does it work? Substrates come in close physical contact at the active site. Substrates bind together and are made into products. The products are released and the cycle starts over.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZD5xsOKres

How Enzymes are Named All enzymes end in –ASE!! The enzyme often sounds like the substrate it breaks down. SUBSTRATE ENZYME Lactose Lactase Maltose Maltase Sucrose Sucrase Lipids Lipase Cellulose Cellulase Polysaccharides Amylase

Things that Regulate Enzymes Temperature High temperatures can change the structure of it. pH Extremely high or low pH values can make it not work.

Review-Write these on the back of your notes. Enzymes are Lipids Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Which binds to the active site of an enzyme? water product another enzyme substrate

Review (cont.) An enzyme can only bind one reactant (substrate) at a time. True False An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell, but can only be used once. True False

Review (cont.) Which substrate would this enzyme work on?

Review (cont.) Catalysts slow down a reaction. make enzymes. speed up a reaction. are nucleic acids. What’s another name for enzyme substrate complex? Fast and slow Lock and key Reactant and product Apple and pear

Review (cont.) Label: Substrate Active Site Enzyme

Review (cont.) What happens in a chemical reaction after the substrate binds to the enzyme at the active site? The formation of a new product. The formation of another enzyme. Nothing happens. The enzyme is damaged.