6-4.9 Warm-Up 1. Global winds generally _____. a. are not influenced by heating of Earth’s surface b. are unpredictable c. change directions from day to day d. blow from specific directions over long distances 2. The apparent curving of the global winds due to the Earth’s rotation is called the _____. a. jet stream b. Coriolis effect c. sea breeze d. land breeze 3. The prevailing westerlies, the major wind belts over the continental United States, generally push air masses from _____. a. east to west c. north to south b. west to east d. south to north

6-4.9 Warm-Up In your own words, explain the Coriolis Effect. *Be prepared to share your response.

1. Which convection region occurs between 30 and 60 degrees latitude? a. westerly c. tropical b. easterly d. temperate 2. What causes currents in the atmosphere? a. Ocean waves and currents b. The presence of the ozone layer c. Solar heating of the upper atmosphere d. Warm air rising and cold air sinking 3. Heat is distributed throughout the troposphere through the process shown in the diagram. What type of heat transfer is represented? a. Conduction c. Condensation b. Convection d. Coriolis

Global Winds and Jet Streams 6-4.9 Explain the influence of global winds and the jet stream on weather and climatic conditions.

Global winds are found in each convection region. Global winds – winds that blow steadily in consistent paths for thousands of kilometers. Coriolis Effect – causes moving air to curve to right in NH and to left in SH. Global winds can NOT move straight because earth is rotating. In global wind belt regions, direction of winds and how air moves in these large regions affects weather conditions.

Global Winds Trade winds blow east to west in tropical region. Westerly winds blow west to east in temperate region.

Temperate zone temperatures are affected by changing seasons. Weather systems during any season move from west to east since westerly wind belt is in that region. US is in westerly wind belt, so weather systems move across country from west and east.

Tropical weather systems, (ex Tropical weather systems, (ex. hurricanes), are moved in direction of trade winds. If they enter westerly wind belt, they are often turned, and move in direction of prevailing system. Polar winds blow northeast to west in polar region.

Jet Stream Fast-moving ribbon of air that moves from west to east in the Northern Hemisphere around Earth. It dips and bends and constantly changes and moves air masses and weather systems.

Polar jet stream brings down cold polar conditions from north. Subtropical Jet Stream brings warm tropical conditions from south (in northern hemisphere).

Global Wind Patterns Activity Follow ALL of the directions on the sheet. Then, include the following: Cardinal Directions The direction each global wind pattern blows