Today we are going to look at some events, issues, and crises during the Jimmy Carter Presidency

U.S. Relationship with Israel After WWII the state of Israel was created and the US quickly recognized its sovereignty. The surrounding Arab nations – many of which were good friends of the US violently opposed Israel’s existence. The US support of Jewish State during the Six Day War and the Yom Kippur War, upset many Arab nations (many of which turned to the USSR during the Cold War.) This conflict complicated the US role in the Middle East.

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

The Energy Crises of the 1970s The US dependence on foreign oil will have a major influence on foreign policy. This resource will become a national security priority. OPEC Oil Embargo response to US support for Israel

Effects of the Energy Crises Gas Shortages Gas-price inflation National Energy Policy Seek alternative fuel sources More fuel-efficient automobiles More domestic petroleum exploration and production

Rise in Consumption Gas Guzzling “Muscle” Cars

Gas Shortage

Camp David Accords

Camp David Peace Accords Anwar el-Sadat (EGYPT) Menachem Begin (ISRAEL) Met at Camp David Presidential Retreat Center, Maryland.

Camp David Peace Accords The Camp David Accords were a major breakthrough in relations between countries. Agreed to work on peace treaty. Israel to withdraw from Sinai Peninsula (occupied since Six-Day War in 1967) Egypt – First Arab country to recognize the existence of the nation of Israel

Quote on Camp David Accords “The Camp David Accords rank as one of the most important achievements of the Carter administration. First, they opened the way to peace between Egypt and Israel, which transformed the entire political, military, and strategic character of the Middle East dispute. Genuine peace between Egypt and Israel meant there would be no major Arab-Israeli war, whatever the positions of [other Arab groups].” Secretary of State Cyrus Vance

U.S. – Iran Relations

US-Iranian Relations US supported Shah (King) of Iran The Shah had modernized Iran Supplier of oil and pro-Western leadership in the region. US overlooked repression and corruption of his administration

Khomeini takes power

The Iranian Revolution Backed by Muslim Fundamentalists and liberal critics of the Shah The Shah fled Iran Replaced by Ayatollah Khomeini - who had been exiled Extremely anti-Western President Carter allowed the Shah into the US for cancer treatment.

Iran Hostage Crisis

Seized the US Embassy Followers of Khomeini seized US Embassy 66 American hostages taken Hostages terrorized and threatened https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w918Eh3fij0

444 Days American public grew increasingly impatient for hostages release Carter tried to rescue: Broke diplomatic relations with Iran Froze Iranian assets in the US 1980 Commando Mission to rescue hostages (disastrous crash in Iranian desert) 8 US soldiers died and the US was internationally humiliated

Hostages released… Hostages released on Inauguration of Ronald Reagan Reagan sent Carter an invitation (as a private citizen) to greet the freed hostages

Greeting Cards You must have words and image on front and Hallmark claims to have a greeting card for all occasions. You will need to Create 1 Greeting Card for each of the following: (4 total) Energy Crisis U.S. relationship with Israel Iran Hostages Camp David Accords You must have words and image on front and a corresponding message inside.