How did the Resolution of WW1 affect Europe.

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Presentation transcript:

How did the Resolution of WW1 affect Europe. Chapter 14, Sections 4. How did the Resolution of WW1 affect Europe.

The entry of the United States into the war in 1917 gave the Allies a much needed psychological boost, fresh troops and supplies. With more than a million American troops pouring into France, Allied forces began an advance toward Germany. Erich Ludendorff decided to request peace.

German officials soon found that the Allies were unwilling to make peace with the autocratic imperial government of Germany. Emperor Wilhelm was out and Social Democrats under Friedrich Ebert announced the creation of a democratic republic.

Woodrow Wilson wanted to reach peace agreements openly rather than through secret diplomacy. Wilson became the spokesperson for a new world order based on democracy and international cooperation.

Britain’s David Lloyd George wanted to make the Germans pay for this dreadful war. The French desired security against future German attacks. Wilson wanted to create a world organization, the League of Nations, to prevent future wars.

Wilson agreed to make compromises on territorial arrangements among the countries, believing that any resulting problems could be resolved at a later date. The U.S. Senate refused to ratify the League of Nations, which weakened the Versailles peace settlement.

The treaty ordered Germany to pay reparations (financial compensation) for all damages that the Allied governments and their people had sustained as a result of the war. German land along the Rhine River became a demilitarized zone, stripped of all weapons and fortifications to appease the French.

The German and Russian empires lost considerable territory in eastern Europe. The Austro-Hungarian Empire disappeared. The deaths of nearly 10 million people, as well as the incredible destruction caused by the war, undermined the whole idea of progress.

Mandate: A territory temporarily governed by another nation on behalf of the League of Nations.