Geography Review

Government Review For curious students, the flags on this slide are: Australia, Venezuela, Canada, France, Mexico, U.S.A., Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, United Kingdom; All clips are a part of the public domain.

Definition of Government An institution that establishes and enforces rules for a group of people. They must have sovereignty, legitimacy, and jurisdiction. Photo: Wikimedia commons, public domain

Government Terms Sovereignty (sov-ern-tee) Legitimacy Jurisdiction POWER! The government has authority to do things! Legitimacy The people ACCEPT the government’s power, so it’s… legit! Jurisdiction The geographic boundaries where the government has the right to make and enforce laws For example, the Texas state government doesn’t have jurisdiction in Oklahoma. The United States government doesn’t have jurisdiction in Mexico. Why are sovereignty, legitimacy and jurisdiction important in a successful government? (worksheet question)

Anarchy The belief that every form of regulation or government is immoral and unnecessary. In anarchy, there are no leaders. There are anarchist groups all around the world, but there are not any countries that don’t have any person or group of people exercising control. Even countries plagued with violence and chaos still have a group or opposing groups using their power (threats, violence, etc.) to get people to do what they want. With each slide, ask your students to think of things that could be good about that type of government, or things that could be bad.

Dictatorship One person has full power in the country The ruler of the country claims total control over all activities of the citizens. Sudan, Rwanda, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Cuba, Syria, Iran, Turkmenistan, North Korea, Belarus http://www.conservapedia.com/List_of_dictators – The countries listed as examples are current dictatorships as of Jan. 2016

Constitutional Monarchy A form of government in which one person inherits the throne. There is usually a parliament and prime minister and the government is held to a constitution. The British monarchy is a good example of a constitutional monarchy. The royal family has little to do with making and enforcing laws. That is left to the British Parliament. Photos: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kiss_Wedding_Prince_William_of_Wales_Kate_Middleton.jpg

Democracy / Republic The power to govern is determined by the people; decisions are made by voting India, USA, UK, France, Germany, Pakistan, Ireland, South Africa, Poland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Greece, Italy, Nepal (one of the recent countries to adopt democracy), Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Philippines, Bangladesh Photo: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:El_momento_del_voto.jpg

Communism Political, economic and social system in which most or all property is owned by the central government and is supposed to be shared by all the people. Equality is the idea behind communism North Korea, Vietnam, China

Theocracy Religious leaders rule according to religious laws A Deity (such as God) is recognized as the supreme ruler. Other leaders interpret and enforce the laws of the Deity. Muslim countries like Iran and Saudi Arabia are based on Sharia law from the Quran. Vatican City, headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church, is a theocracy. Photo: Public domain; wikimedia commons St. Peter’s Square, Vatican City