Connecting the West to the East

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Presentation transcript:

Connecting the West to the East The Iron Horse Connecting the West to the East

During the Civil War Trains carried: Due to a superior rail system: Troops Weapons Supplies Due to a superior rail system: The Union won the Civil War

After the Civil War Trains carried: Due to a superior rail system: People Products Resources Due to a superior rail system: The United States enters the Industrial Revolution

Rapid Expansion 1860: 1900: 30,000 miles of track By the 1890s, five railway lines crossed the country!

Railroad Companies Expansion of the railroad system made consolidation necessary: Large railroad companies bought smaller companies or drove them out of business Large companies became more efficient because they owned more lines Consolidation: the practice of combining separate companies

Railroad Barons Consolidation leads to a few powerful individuals controlling America’s rail traffic Aggressive and competitive Few laws existed to control their actions Instrumental in building the nation’s infrastructure Pools: secret agreements to divide regions ending competition in those regions

Collis P. Huntington & Leland Stanford Railroad Barons Cornelius Vanderbilt NYC Great Lakes James J. Hill MN WA Collis P. Huntington & Leland Stanford CA UT

(George Westinghouse) Railway Improvements Standard Gauge links all railways to each other Air Brakes (George Westinghouse) Janney Car Coupler (Eli H. Janney) Refrigerated Cars (Gustavus Swift) Pullman Sleeping Car (George M. Pullman

Economic Stimulus New links throughout the country: Carried raw materials to factories Carried goods from factories to markets Carried food from farms to cities Construction of railroads: Steel industry expands Lumber industry expands Jobs! Jobs! Jobs! Stimulus: something causing a response

“Go West young man, and grow up with the country.” -Horace Greeley

Social/Demographic Changes Railroads allow fast, easy travel: Homestead Act (1862): Makes settling in the West cheap and legal People move into the Great Plains and West People move from rural areas to cities Industries move west (ex. flour) taking workers with them