Warm Up: (5 min) A new intern in a science lab pours 10 mL of two different liquids into two beakers, but forgets to label them! They look exactly the same but, he realizes, they have different densities! He decides to weigh each of the beakers so he can determine which liquid is which. The liquid in Beaker 1 weighs 22.3 g, and the liquid in Beaker 2 weighs 13.7 g. Why does the intern decide to weigh the liquids? What are the densities of the two liquids?

Today’s Topic: Phases of Matter Title your notes: Phases of Matter Put the date in the upper right corner

Vocab: Matter- Anything made of atoms, takes up space, has mass Solid- Matter that has definite volume and shape. Liquid- Matter that has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container. Gas- Matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container. Plasma- (Similar to gas) with charged particles Physical Change- A change between states of matter (solid, liquid, gas).

Phases of Matter – Who Cares? (do not need to copy) All of the matter in our universe can be classified into these four states When energy is transferred matter can change between the states If we don’t understand the reactions, we could end up getting hurt!

Steam Pipe Explosion in Manhattan

Four Phases of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma How are they different from each other? (1 minute, answer in your notes) Each phase has a particular arrangement of atoms Solid the particles are packed tightly together Liquid the particles are close but free to flow Gas the particles are spaced relatively far apart. Plasma the particles are charged (positive/negative) and are spaced far apart

melting evaporation condensation freezing solid liquid gas melting evaporation condensation freezing Some molecule movement, sliding Lots of molecule movement, rapid with collision Little molecule movement, vibrations

Activity (if there is time) Phases of matter Simon Says Wait to hear which phase Simon calls Act as an atom of in that phase NO talking Keep hands to yourself

Practice: (3 mins) In your notes, 3 sentences Explain the relationship between the atomic arrangement of each phase and the volume and shape that it takes up because of the atomic arrangement. After 3 minutes, discuss your answers with your neighbors and then I’ll call on individuals to share their answers. HOW TIGHTLY THE PARTICLES ARE PACKED DETERMINE THE SHAPE AND VOLUME

Independent Practice: (5 mins) In your notebooks Complete the table about properties of three states of matter. Use these terms: definite, indefinite, vibrations, sliding, rapid Property Solid Liquid Gas Shape Indefinite Volume Definite Atom Movement

Independent Practice: (5 min) 1. (SPS5) Which statement is true about the motion of solids, liquids, and gases? (3d) A solid has more motion than a liquid. A solid has more motion than a gas. A liquid has more motion than a gas. A gas has more motion than a liquid. 2. (SPS5) List the states of matter in order from LEAST molecular motion to MOST molecular motion: (3e) 3. (SPS5) In which state are molecules closely locked in position? 4. (SPS5) Which of the following is NOT true? Particles of a solid vibrate in place. Particles of a gas are locked in position. Particles of a gas move independently and collide frequently. Particles of a liquid can move past one another.

Next Class We are going to be talking about: Gases How temperature, volume, and pressure of gases are all related

The Northern Lights

What causes the Northern Lights? Think of it this way... Somebody throws handfulls of confetti in front of a huge fan. Soon it looks like a snowstorm Another person stands on the other side of the room with a big vacuum cleaner, holding the nozzle up into the air. A third person holds an electrified metal heating grid over the opening of the vacuum nozzle. The vacuum starts to pull confetti out of the air, but before the bits of paper can enter the nozzle, they hit the grid - bursting into flame.

The Sun's magnetic field (the fan) throws charged particles from its atmosphere (the confetti) out into space (the room). As these particles near the Earth are pulled in by its magnetic field (the vacuum), which pulls them down to the magnetic poles (the nozzle). Before they can reach the Earth, the charged particles hit the Earth's atmosphere (the grid) and collide with the gases found there. The reaction between those particles and the gases creates energy, and the energy is given off as light - the Northern Lights.