Calculation of commuting-distances in ArcView 3.x Michael Berg Rasmussen Statistics Denmark

Register-based labour force statistics (RAS statistics) RAS contains: Adress of residence Adress of workplace Commuting-statistics today: how many people working in a municipality are coming from another municipality how many people living in a municipality are working in another municipality 1/16/2019

Register-based labour force statistics (RAS statistics) …but if we could get to know the distance people actually have to travel from their residence to their workplace, it would be much better 1/16/2019

Materials for making commuting-calcultions RAS (Adresses of residence and workplace) KDV (Digital network of roads) Network Analyst for ArcView 3.x 1/16/2019

Possibilities with Network Analyst Network Analyst measures out the shortest route by car between two adresses through a network of roads The routes are measures one at a time 1/16/2019

Many at a time Two AvenueScripts Script1: Geocodes all the addresses by the postal address and returns the x,y-coordinates Script2: Geocodes the adresses of residence and workplace by the x,y-coordinates and returns the roaddistance between them 1/16/2019

No solution without irregularities! 1/16/2019

Problems with the workplaces in RAS But sometimes they look like: 950 0000 000 (people working in another country) 101 0000 000 1/16/2019

Problems in KDV - The attributes 1/16/2019

Problems in KDV - Technical mistakes (1) 1/16/2019

Problems in KDV - Technical mistakes (2) 1/16/2019

Problems in KDV - Technical mistakes (3) 1/16/2019

The calculations can begin! 1/16/2019

Step 1 All adresses of residence and workplace are geocoded by their postal adress and their x,y-coordinates are returned 1/16/2019

Step 2 All residence-/workplace-relations with coordinates have their mutaul road-distance calculated 90.4 % of all residence-/workplace-relations are now calculated 1/16/2019

Step 3 BAK-coordinates (free download from the homepage of KMS) are joined with the adresses which did not get a coordinate-value in step 1 BAK-coordinates must be transferred to a point (RoadCenterPoint) on a road 1/16/2019

Step 4 Residence-/workplace-relations involving BAK-coordinates are calculated 91.5 % of all residence-/workplace-relations are now calculated 1/16/2019

91.8 % of all residence-/workplace-relations are now calculated Step 5 Bigger workplace > 100 employed are manual found by searching in KDV 91.8 % of all residence-/workplace-relations are now calculated 1/16/2019

Municipality-center of gravity Average(X),Average(Y) Step 6 Municipality-center of gravity for residence and workplace are calculated Municipality-center of gravity = Average(X),Average(Y) 1/16/2019

Municipality-center of gravity for residence and workplace The coordinates for the centers of gravity are used where an adress for some reason are without coordinates or are situated inaccessible for distance-calculations F.ex. 0000-workplace-adresses 1/16/2019

Step 7 The remaining residence-/workplace-relations are calculated in this way 99.7 % of all residence-/workplace-relations are now calculated The remaining relations are people working in a foreign country 1/16/2019

Main result People in Denmark travels on an average 15½ km in order to go to work from their residence 1/16/2019