Historical Context for Forest Management in New England

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Presentation transcript:

Historical Context for Forest Management in New England

Pre-Settlement: 1600

Early Homestead: 1740

Height of Clearing: 1830

Abandonment: 1850

Old Field White Pine: 1910

Hardwood release and succession: 1915

Young hardwoods: 1930

Stand Improvement Cutting

Commercial Thinning

Shelterwood Harvest

Forest Cover Trends in New England Since European Settlement I want to provide a quick and dirty example of the value of HRV for assessing long-term changes in New England. If we look at the history of forest change since European Settlement, long-term reforestation and recovery has been strongly influenced by the history of clearing and agriculture in the 19th century, white pine colonization and subsequent clearcutting, the loss of Chestnut and Elm, and commercial forest management practices favoring certain species and limiting or truncating stand development in the 20th century.

Wildlife Population Trends in VT and NH Since European Settlement

Altered Successional Pathways Resulting from a Complex History of Land-use Figure from Foster (1992)

Differences Between Pre-Settlement and Current Forests in VT and NH Forest Composition Species: Abundance: Chestnut Elm Beech Sugar Maple Hemlock White Pine Red Spruce White Birch Cottonwood Pin Cherry Red Maple Communities: Abundance: Old-Growth Forest of All Types Floodplain Silver Maple and Sugar Maple Rich Lowland Oak/Basswood/Ash Forested Wetlands Native Grasslands and Shrublands Functionally Extirpated Sources: Cogbill (2000); McLachlan et al. (2000); Fuller et al. 1998; Foster 1992; Siccama (1971)

Differences Between Pre-Settlement and Current Forests in VT and NH Landscape Pattern Patch Size Patch Shape Complexity Fragmentation vs. Connectivity Bottomland Openings Ridgeline and Upper-Slope Openings Topographic Distribution of White Pine Topographic Distribution of Red Spruce Sources: Cogbill (2000); Mladenoff and Pastor (1993)