7-4.2 Effects of WWI Vocab Armistice Compromise League of Nations Fourteen Points Treaty of Versailles War Guilt Clause Reparations Demilitarize Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Balfour Declaration

The Effects of World War I Standard 7-4.2

The War Ends! WWI came to an end in November 1918. American troops shattered German defenses. The German Emperor Wilhelm II, stepped down. Within days, Germany’s allies surrendered.

1. Major Effects of the War A. Diplomatic Solutions B. Geographic and Political Changes C. Economic Consequences

2. Wilson and the Fourteen Points U.S. President Woodrow Wilson wanted to design a “lasting peace.” Other nations wanted revenge. Wilson’s plan for peace was called The Fourteen Points and it attempted to address and undo the MAIN causes of the war. Wilson suggested no military build-up, no secret alliances, and the right to self-determination. Wilson also wanted to create a League of Nations, an international organization that would resolve disputes between nations and prevent future wars.

3. The Treaty of Versailles, 1919 The Treaty of Versailles was intended to punish Germany for its actions in WWI. Germany would become weaker and the other nations would become stronger. The War Guilt Clause: Germany had to accept responsibility for starting the war German army could only have 100,000 soldiers No air force or submarines Demilitarization of the Rhineland Germany had to give Alsace-Lorraine back to France. The Effect of the Treaty was economic and political instability in Germany and throughout the world. Its success was undermined. Russia was not allowed to attend the Treaty negotiations

4. League of Nations The Treaty of Versailles also created a League of Nations whose goal was to keep the peace. It didn’t work. All major powers were not members of the League- therefore it has no influence on them. It did not have the ability to enforce directives. It required unanimous consent.

5. Re-drawing the World Map After the war and the treaties, maps of Europe and the Middle East changed. New nations emerged after the war and some disappeared (because of nationalism) The Austro-Hungarian Empire completely disappeared as did the Ottoman Empire. Germany lost territory Russia lost territory in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (a separate peace made between Germany and Russia) New nations were created: Poland.