Africa and the Coming of Islam

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Presentation transcript:

Africa and the Coming of Islam A. Common Characteristics among African Societies 1. Role of Bantu Migrations Similar language base 2. Importance of Family ties

B. Arabs bringing Islam must blend with African culture 1. Matrilineal Societies in Africa Traditional Arab society is Patriarchal

2. Slave systems Africans enslaved Africans--adopted members of family, political advantages Arabs enslaved non Arabs—cheap labor

3. African native religions and Islam Similarities: One God, single creator, cannot directly know God Differences: Africans believe God has little impact on humans, spirits act as go between

Results Unique form of Islam takes root in Africa: Faith is less restrictive Continual reliance on spirits Islam increases as trade increases Took years before Arab influence has an impact Transformation to Islam is mostly peaceful

C. Islam Expansion into Africa 1. North Africa a.Conquered via Muslim Armies (Umayyad) b. Local rule allowed to remain in power c. Arab merchants control trade 2. West Africa (Savanna) a. By means of trade b. Emphasis on Muslim learning

Why would the Arabs want to trade with West Africans Why would the Arabs want to trade with West Africans? Discuss possible reasons with partner. Use the map to trigger ideas. Circled area is West Africa Arabia

1. Emergence of a Unified States Reasons: 1. Emergence of a Unified States

2. Valuable Products

3. Internal transportation network in place The Berbers

. 3. Islam in East Africa a. Islamic port cities in a global network Mogadishu . a. Islamic port cities in a global network b. Product of trade with Arabia and Persia c. Blended language/Culture emerged: Swahili Mogadishu and Mombasa Indian Ocean Network Means Coast Mix race: African /Arabian

d. Governed by independent Muslim families e. Majority of pop. retain native beliefs f. Islam becomes class based Arranged into city-states Upper Class--Muslim

“Non Islamic” Kingdoms in Africa during Islamic Expansion A. Christian Based 1. Coptic Kingdom (Egypt) Byzantine Protection 2. Ethiopia (ancient Axum) Zagwe Dynasty-local centralized rule Landlocked and Mountainous

“Other” Kingdoms in Africa during Islamic Expansion B. Southern Half of Africa 1. Many stateless societies 2. Independent villages Clan based/ruled by a chief Mostly agricultural, some manufacturing

3. Great Zimbabwe (Great House) 9th Century: Emergence as a herding society 12th- 15th Century: Height as a major gold trade partner with Swahili cultures End of 15th Century Disappeared

Complete checklist. Use notes and map to help Region in Africa Choose One Arab controlled trade Local Controlled trade Conquered by Arabs Independent of Arabs Main religion was Islam Mix of Islam and other religions No Islam East West North South