Homeroom Warm Up If you could dress up in any costume, what would you want to be? Write about your favorite costume idea?

Academic Enrichment Warm Up

Academic Enrichment Closure 10-27-14 The two most abundant elements in Earth's core are A. iron and magnesium B. silicon and oxygen C. nickel and silicon D. iron and nickel

Science Warm Up 10-27-14 A cross section of Earth is shown below. Which layer is made mostly of liquid metal? 1 2 3 4

Homework Due Tuesday 10-28-14 Page 343 # 1-8

GLE 0707.7.1 Describe the physical properties of minerals.

By Ms. Stanford 7th Grade Science What is a Mineral? By Ms. Stanford 7th Grade Science

What is a mineral? Definition: A mineral is a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure.

What is a mineral? Properties: Solid Cannot be a liquid or a gas Naturally Occurring Found in nature, not man-made Inorganic Is not alive and never was, non-living Crystal Form A definite structure in which atoms are arranged

Characteristics Each mineral has characteristic properties that can be used to identify it. Color can be used to identify only those few minerals that always have their own characteristic color. If we take one mineral, beryl, and add different impurities, we get different colors

Streak A streak is the color of the mineral when in powder form.

Huanzala, Does de Mayo Province, Peru Luster Another simple test to identify a mineral is to check its luster. Luster is a term used to describe how light is reflected from a mineral’s surface. Large Pyrite Cluster Huanzala, Does de Mayo Province, Peru

Density Each mineral has a characteristic density. Density is how much matter is in a given space.

Hardness When you identify a mineral, one of the best clues you can use is the mineral’s hardness. The Mohs hardness scale ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest. A mineral can scratch any mineral softer than itself, but can be scratched by any mineral that is harder.

A mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces has the property called cleavage.

Fracture Most minerals do not split apart evenly. Instead, they have a characteristic type of fracture, which describes how a mineral breaks roughly and not along a smooth surface.

The next few slides show an assortment of items. Questions to ask yourself when determining if an item is a mineral or not: Is it non-living material? Is it a solid? Is it formed in nature? Does it have a crystalline structure? The next few slides show an assortment of items. As a group, categorize the items as either: Minerals or Non-Minerals.

Wood

Gold

Fossil

Topaz

Bones

Granite

Quartz

Pearls

Talc

Icebergs

Diamond

Coal

Rock Salt

And the answers are… Minerals Non-Minerals Gold Topaz Quartz Talc Iceberg* Diamonds Non-Minerals Wood - once living Fossils – once living Bone - living material Granite - intrusive igneous rock Pearls – made by oysters Coal - Sedimentary rock Rock Salt – Sedimentary rock According to IMA – ice is listed as a mineral

Science Closure If you break quartz to learn if it splits smoothly in a certain direction, what physical property are you testing? a. hardness b. cleavage c. streak d. specific gravity

Academic Enrichment Closure Silicate minerals contain a combination of the elements Sulfur and oxygen Carbon and oxygen Iron and oxygen Silicon and oxygen