Childhood Christy Zendarski

Physical and Motor Development Children tend to grow about 2 to 3 inches per year. Parents have to feed their kids very well and healthy, because kids who are obesity have high chances to get diabetes, cardiovascular, and serious health problems. Nutrition is incredibly important for kids’ bodies. It develops their muscles, brains, and etc. Vision is developing to see near and far, and interpret. Same thing goes to hearing. Parents should encourage their kids to play sports or join activities to build strong bones, muscles, self-esteems, and more.

Stages 3 YEARS 4 YEARS 5 YEARS Run well, stand on one foot, ride a bike, feed himself 4 YEARS Skip on one foot, cut with scissors, dress himself, grow some independence 5 YEARS Hop and skip, good balance, print and write simple letters 7 YEARS Stand on one foot with eyes closed for few seconds, jump rope, tie shoelaces 9 YEARS Play sports, strengths will continue developing with practice 12 YEARS Some kids’ puberty starts Girls’ motor skill development tends to be a year ahead of boys

Memory and Thinking Ability Kids from 3 to 6 ages are able to make thoughtful decisions about their behavior and observe their environment. Their brains develop form mental images to remember the objects, people, and events. Children tend to express their feelings/reactions by gestures and limited vocabularies.

Cont… Preoperational 1 ½ - 7 years Uses symbols to solve problems or to talk about things. Concrete Operations 7 – 11 years Still have trouble with abstract ideas Formal Operations 11 years - onward Understands abstract ideas and situations.

Language Abilities 3 YEARS More grammatical knowledge (400 words) I eating. Don’t go. 4 YEARS More grammatical rules and future tenses, asks questions in adult form (+1,000 words) Will Jenny go? Why is Jenny crying? 5 YEARS More complex clauses, joins two or more ideas in one sentence. I see what you did.

Social Development Children have to learn what’s acceptable and unacceptable. Both girls and boys have different “rules” such as boys; aggression but not fear. Girls; show the emotions. Some kids like to play with others. Some kids are selfish and won’t share with their toys with others. Most 3-4 years old kids have imaginary playmates. It makes kids less aggressive and more cooperative than other kids. Rich vocabulary, advanced for their age. Having imaginary playmates help those kids who are the only child or don’t have friends.

Emotional Development Show pleasure when adults are nearby as they has developed connections with parents and others. Know their own names with pride. Observe others’ emotional reactions such as parents’ facial expressions. Can get upset or emotions easily, but need parents to calm them down to feel better.

Parenting Styles Authoritarian Families - “Bosses” their beliefs are they don’t have to explain the reasons of their actions/demands. So, children don’t have rights to question their decisions. Democratic or Authoritative Families - Discussions/negotiations. Parents will listen to their children; they have rights to make decisions. Of course, parents have rights to disapprove and they WILL explain why. Permissive or Laissez Faire Families - No rules for children and ignore them. Basically, children will have to make decisions for themselves. Uninvolved Parents - Those parents who are self-centered and forgot about their role.

Sources Page Not Found. (n.d.). Kidspot Australia. Retrieved April 16, 2014, from http://www.kidspot.com.au/Development-Development-Physical-development- in-babies-and-children+5367+553+article.htm Seven Counties Services Inc.. (n.d.). Seven Counties Services Inc.. Retrieved April 16, 2014, from http://sevencounties.org/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=12754&cn=462 How Planning and Reflection Develop Young Children's Thinking Skills. (n.d.). Developing & Enhancing Thinking Skills. Retrieved April 16, 2014, from https://www.naeyc.org/files/yc/file/200309/Planning&Reflection.pdf Learning, E. (n.d.). Social and Emotional Growth. PBS. Retrieved April 16, 2014, from http://www.pbs.org/parents/childdevelopmenttracker/one/socialandemotional growth.html Understanding psychology. (1992). Lake Forest, Ill.: Glencoe.