DO NOW: Watch the video “America's Era of Expansion and Reform: America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan” and answer the 5 video quiz questions at the end

Study Guide: Fill in information for the following items on your study guide: Sectionalism- Missouri Compromise - Wilmot Proviso - Fugitive Slave Act - Question #1 -

Study Guide: Fill in information for the following items on your study guide: Sectionalism - Person shows loyalty to a particular region Missouri Compromise – proposed by Henry Clay; Missouri would be slave state, Maine free state, line at 36º, 30’N lat that would prohibite slavery to the north of the line Wilmot Proviso – plan proposed by David Wilmot that said slavery should be prohibited in land acquired from Mexico Fugitive Slave Act – part of the Compromise of 1850 that made it illegal to help runaway slaves Question #1 – see “Compromises” chart

The Kansas-Nebraska Act Franklin Pierce became president in 1853 and he intended to enforce the Fugitive Slave Laws.  Stephen A. Douglas proposed organization of Kansas and Nebraska to encourage settlement in that area.  Because of their location both Kansas and Nebraska would become free (according to the Missouri Compromise).  The Southern states would never agree to this Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Passage of the Act Douglas suggested popular sovereignty – allowing people to decide  Douglas’s plan to repeal the Missouri Compromise would allow slavery into areas that had been free for more then 30 years.  Opponents of the bill demanded Congress vote down the bill  Southerners in Congress provided solid support for the bill  Congress passed the Kansas-Nebraska Act in May 1854

Division Grows Democrats split almost evenly revealing division in the party.  Northerners became convinced that compromise was no longer possible with the South. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Partners on the left fill in northern reactions, partners on right fill in southern reaction The Kansas-Nebraska Act

Bleeding Kansas Proslavery and anti-slavery groups rushed supporters into Kansas.  In the spring of 1855, when elections took place in Kansas, a proslavery legislature was elected  Although only about 1,500 voters lived in Kansas, more than 6,000 people cast ballots  Thousands of proslavery supporters from Missouri crossed the boarder to vote. They were called border ruffians

Bleeding Kansas (cont.) By January of 1856 rival governments existed in Kansas, one for and one against slavery.  The president and the Senate favored the proslavery government.  The House backed the forces opposed to slavery Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Bleeding Kansas In May 1856, 800 slavery supporters attacked the town of Lawrence.  Soon after, forces opposed to slavery retaliated. Bloodshed continued until October 1856 when a newly appointed territorial governor used federal troops to stop the fighting Some called it the “Civil War in Kansas” Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Attack on Charles Sumner Charles Sumner lashed out against proslavery forces in Kansas with a fiery speech in congress.  He criticized pro-slavery Senators repeatedly attacking Andrew P. Butler of South Carolina.  Two days later Butler’s cousin, Rep. Preston Brooks, attacked Sumner by violently attacking him with his cane. The Brooks-Sumner incident and fighting in Kansas revealed the rising level of hostility between North and South. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Study Guide: Popular sovereignty – proposed by Stephen Douglas; allows people in a territory to vote to allow slavery Kansas-Nebraska Act – allowed territories to vote on whether or not to have slavery; opened more land area to slaveholding; led to violence in Kansas Stephen Douglas – proposed idea of popular sovereignty ran against Abraham Lincoln in 1858 Senate race (won)

Review – pair discussion What could the federal government have done, if anything, to prevent the violence that erupted in Kansas?