Direct & Indirect Speech Grammar Direct & Indirect Speech By: - Nityanandesh Narayan Tripathi (PGT English) Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Baghmara

Conversation This face to face talk is called conversation. Here two people are talking to each other. Head of the office, Mr. Suresh is assigning some work to his subordinate, Mr. Praveen. Yes Sir, I will do my level best to do it. Mr. Praveen you have to complete this work by tomorrow. This face to face talk is called conversation.

Narration In the next situation another employee of the same office, who listened the talk, is telling that conversation to his friend. Today in our office Mr. Suresh, the Boss, instructed Mr. Praveen to complete a work by next day. Yea! I know that. Then Mr. Praveen said to him, “I will do my level best to do it.” (1) (2) This retelling of the conversation is called Narration.

Speech In the Narration slide you must have observed two types of sentences used by those two people. One without inverted commas (1) and another with inverted commas (2) Today in our office Mr. Suresh, the Boss, instructed Mr. Praveen to complete a work by next day. Yea! I know that. Then Mr. Praveen said to him, “I will do my level best to do it.” These sentences are called speeches.

Types of Speech Direct Speech: - When a sentence is written or spoken with inverted commas. (statement with the original format of the speaker is used.) Indirect Speech: - When a sentence is written or spoken without inverted commas. (Modified statement with the modified format of the speaker is used.)

Conversions Direct Speech: - Reported Sentence Reporting Sentence Mr. Suresh said to Mr. Praveen, “ Today You are going to Delhi. ” Changes: - (2) Punctuation Marks (3) Adjective of Time or Place (1) Reporting Verb (5) Auxiliary Verb and Main Verb (4) Pronoun Indirect Speech: - Mr. Suresh told Mr. Praveen that he was going to Delhi that day.

Conversion (1) Now we will take on these conversion rules one by one. (1) Reporting Verb: - Sentence Type Direct Speech Verb Indirect Speech Verb Affirmative Said Said To Told Interrogative Said, Said To Asked, Inquired Exclamatory Exclaimed, Wondered, Surprised Imperative Commanded, Directed, Requested, Suggested

Conversion (2) (2) Punctuation Mark: - Sentence Type Direct Speech Punctuation Indirect Speech Affirmative ,” “ That Interrogative If, How, Wh_words (like what, why, which, etc.) Exclamatory Imperative To

Conversion (3) (3) Reported Verb: - Direct Speech Verb Note: - If Reporting Verb is in Present or Future Tense then Tense of Reported Verb is not modified. Direct Speech Verb Indirect Speech Verb Is, am Was Are Were Has, Have Had Do, Does Did Had been Will, Shall Would, Should

Conversion (4) (2) Reported Adjective of Time and Place: - Sentence Type Direct Speech Adjective Indirect Speech Adjective Time Now Then Yesterday Previous Day Today That Day Tomorrow Next Day Place Here There This That These Those

Conversion (5) (2) Reported Pronoun - It depends upon the meaning of the Sentence or Speech

Uses of Direct Speech In writing the play. Direct Speech is used in following Conditions: - In writing the play. To emphasize the saying of others. In novels and stories.

Uses of Indirect Speech Indirect Speech is used in following Conditions: - In general writing like letter In Speech. In general conversation

Examples Direct Speech Indirect Speech 1 2 3 Man said to horse," Please drink the milk.” 2 Dear friends today I observed following talks and I want to share them with you: Man requested horse to drink the milk Rajesh told me that he would exercise that day. Mira asked the doctor how to keep the cat healthy. Rajesh said to me," Today I will do exercise.” 3 Mira said to doctor," how to keep the cat healthy.”

Let us do some Exercise!! - 1 See the pictures and write indirect sentences based on the given conversation. I am playing traditional game You don’t know how to play this game I am good girl so I have given you the ice-cream OK, then tell me about it. Thank you. Twinkle and Raj Malini Rahul and Rina

Thanks Meet You Again