Ch. 16 Game Review (the test will not contain any questions from the textbook section on p. 401-402, “Solving Problems Using Hardy-Weinberg”

When two species reproduce at different times, the situation is called A Temporal isolation B Speciation C Temporal selection D Geographic isolation Ans: A

The type of selection in which individuals of average size have greater fitness than small or large individuals is called A Disruptive selection B Stabilizing selection C Directional selection D Genetic drift Ans: B

A Artificial selection B Sexual selection C Stabilizing selection The graph shows the changes in crab color at the beach. Which type of selection has occurred? A Artificial selection B Sexual selection C Stabilizing selection D Disruptive selection Ans: D

Which of the following is most likely to have caused the change in distribution? A A new predator prefers dark-tan crabs. B A new predator prefers light-tan crabs. C A new beach color makes medium-tan crabs the least visible to predators. D A new beach color makes medium-tan crabs the most visible to predators. Ans: D

The type of selection in which individuals at one end of a curve have the highest fitness is called A Stabilizing selection B Disruptive selection C Directional selection D The founder effect Ans: C

Which of the following is likely to result in speciation? A Random mating B Small population size C No migration into or out of the population D Absence of natural selection Ans: B

Characteristic of the traits that Mendel tracked in pea plants A Fitness B Single-gene trait C Polygenic trait D Gene pool Ans: B

In a population of lizards, the smallest and largest lizards are more easily preyed upon than middle-sized lizards. What kind of natural selection is most likely to occur in this situation? A Genetic drift B sexual selection C Stabilizing selection D Directional selection Ans: C

A change in allele frequency that results from the migration of a small subgroup of a population is called A Natural selection B The Hardy-Weinberg principle C The founder effect D Genetic equilibrium Ans: C

Traits that are controlled by more than one gene, such as human height, are known as A Single-gene traits B Polygenic traits C Recessive traits D Dominant traits Ans: B

The evolution of Darwin’s finches is an example of A Equilibrium B Speciation C Stabilizing selection D Artificial selection Ans: B

Survival and reproduction of individuals best suited to their environment. A Fitness B Single-gene trait C Polygenic trait D Gene pool Ans: A

A situation in which a population’s allele frequencies remain relatively constant is called A Genetic equilibrium B A gene pool C Fitness D Genetic variation Ans: A

Which of the following is a source of genetic variation. I Which of the following is a source of genetic variation? I. Mutations II. Polygenic traits III. Genetic shuffling that results from sexual reproduction A I only B I and III only C II and III only D I, II, and III Ans: B

The combined genetic information of all members of a particular population A Fitness B Single-gene trait C Polygenic trait D Gene pool Ans: D

A random change in a small population’s allele frequency is known as A A gene pool B Genetic drift C Variation D Fitness Ans: B

If coat color in a rabbit population is a polygenic trait, which process might have produced the graph? A Stabilizing selection B Disruptive selection C Directional selection D Genetic equilibrium Ans: B

In organisms that reproduce sexually, inheritable variation is due mostly to A polygenic traits B mutations during gamete formation C the effects of radiation D gene shuffling during gamete formation Ans: D

A single-gene trait that has two alleles and that shows a simple dominant-recessive pattern will result in A one phenotype B two phenotypes C four phenotypes D millions of phenotypes Ans: B

The number of phenotypes produced for a given trait depends upon A the relationship of allele frequnecies to Mendelian ratios B The relative frequencies of the various alleles C which form of the trait is dominant D the number of genes that control the trait. Ans: D

One similarity between natural selection and genetic drift is that both events A are based completely on chance. B involve a change in a population’s allele frequencies. C begin with one or more mutations. D take place only in small groups Ans: B

What is the first step that occurred in the speciation of the Galapagos finches? A arrival of the founding population B behavioral isolation C ecological competition D establishing genetic equilibrium Ans: A

What did Peter and Rosemary Grant learn about mate choice from the Galapagos finches? A Phenotype plays no role in mate choice. B Finches prefer mates with smaller beaks than their own. C Finches prefer mates with beaks similar in size to their own. D Finches prefer mates with larger beaks than their own. Ans: C