STUDENT NOTES FOR CH. 6 HIS101
A History of Western Society Tenth Edition CHAPTER 6 The Pax Romana, 31 BCE–284 CE
Caesar’s heir is _____? Octavian (later known as Augustus) Caesar named his 18yr old grandnephew, Octavian his heir……Why not Mark Antony?? Octavian’s childhood His marriage His heir is ______?
Second Triumvirate -Octavian (now known as Augustus), Antony, Lepidus -Revenge! Kill the murderer’s! -”A ruthless and cutthroat swapping of friends and family.”- Plutarch -Augustus and Antony divided the Roman world….Augustus/West: Antony/East.
Where’s my money? Recruiting an army Antony alone in Rome Augustus return’s Antony flees
Antony & Cleopatra Antony had met Cleopatra when she came to Rome to honor Caesar’s death….of course he fell for her….became her ally and lover. They would soon be married and have 3 children in Egypt together. Angered Augustus….said Antony was a foolish captive or the seductive Cleopatra and a romantic….not fit to rule Rome. Augustus decides to take fight to Antony and Cleopatra
Second Triumvirate -Battle of Actium -Suicides -”Two Caesars are one too many” -Rome had new peace, prosperity, hope, and a new vision of Rome’s destiny. - Antony victorious and restored peace to Rome after many years of civil war
AUGUSTUS: -Senate granted power -Became ‘Imperator’ -Constitutional monarchy -Continued Caesars reforms -Mark on ages to come
A man with many name’s Gaius Octavius Octavius or Octavian Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus Gaius Julius Caesar Divi Filius. Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus. Augustus or Augustus Caesar
AUGUSTUS: -local self-government -cult of Roma
Golden Age of Latin Literature and Social Changes : -Virgil and the Aeneid -Traditional Morality -Relationships
The Legacy of Augustus - Death of Augustus Created a dynasty Problems of succession Tiberius
Augustus’ Successors -The Julio-Claudians- good and bad rulers -Vespasian established the Flavians -Peace again
Absolute Power, continued peace and prosperity The Age of the Five Good Emperors Absolute Power, continued peace and prosperity Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius Hadrian- created new imperial administrative departments, separated civil and military service, increasing efficiency. Excellent system of Roman roads and changes to the army happened during this time period.
Life in Rome -daily life -education -careers -slavery
Entertainment Gladiator shows Criminals Slaves Prisoners of war Chariot racing
King Herod Lost favor with Jews Judea prospered Fear led to ‘Massacre of the Innocents”
Massacre of the Innocents Search for Jesus Wise men Bethlehem Jesus/family flee Massacre
Post-Herod -Pontius Pilate -Zealots -Militant Apocalypticism -Pagans
Life and Teachings of Jesus -Controversial topics -Agreements -Teachings -Threat -Pilate/Death
The Spread of Christianity -Paul of Tarsus -Appeal of Christianity -Events in Rome
Christians/Pagans -Peter -Misunderstandings -Persecution