How many U.S. Congressional Districts does Texas have? Bell Ringer 10-19-17 How many U.S. Congressional Districts does Texas have?

Apportionment and Gerrymandering

Lesson Frame We will- Evaluate the effectiveness of apportionment and redistricting efforts I will- Evaluate redistricting efforts to Texas Congressional districts

435 reps distributed by population US Census- count number of people in the US (2010) Population changes Apportionment- redrawing legislative district lines to represent citizens Apportionment

Mr. T’s Super Easy way to calculate Population and apportionment of Representatives of the House according to census data… Sort of

U.S. Population- 309,183,463 Texas Population- 25,268,418 Number of Seats in the House- 435 How many districts should Texas have? (Find Percent of total U.S. Population living in Texas) 25,268,418 / 309,183,463= 0.082 or 8.2% 0.082 * 435= 35.6 Texas has 36 Congressional Districts Apportionment

Baker vs. Carr- (1962) Early 1900’s- population lived in rural area Apportionment Baker vs. Carr- (1962) Early 1900’s- population lived in rural area Move to urban Districts still represented rural interests Charles Baker (urban voter) sues Ten. Secretary of State Joseph Carr for more representation http://landmarkcases.c-span.org/Case/10/Baker-V-Carr

Apportionment Baker vs. Carr- (1962) “One man, one vote”- proportional representation http://landmarkcases.c-span.org/Case/10/Baker-V-Carr

GerryMandering Practice of redistricting population in favor of a particular party, candidate, or ideology 1861- Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry and state legislature drew an odd shaped district Favored Democratic Republicans over Federalists

Gerrymandering

GerryMandering

Based on the map, have Texas districts been Gerrymandered? Exit Ticket 10-19-17 Based on the map, have Texas districts been Gerrymandered? Find and explain your evidence.