Cord blood transplantation and stem cell regenerative potential Yanling Liao, Mark B. Geyer, Albert J. Yang, Mitchell S. Cairo  Experimental Hematology  Volume 39, Issue 4, Pages 393-412 (April 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2011.01.002 Copyright © 2011 ISEH - Society for Hematology and Stem Cells Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Probability of leukemia-free survival after bone marrow and cord blood transplantation adjusted for disease status at transplantation. Reprinted from Eapen M, Rubinstein P, Zhang MJ, et al. Outcomes of transplantation of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood and bone marrow in children with acute leukaemia: a comparison study. Lancet. 2007;369:1947−1954 [16], with permission. Experimental Hematology 2011 39, 393-412DOI: (10.1016/j.exphem.2011.01.002) Copyright © 2011 ISEH - Society for Hematology and Stem Cells Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Probabilities of transplant-related mortality by hematopoietic stem-cell source and donor–recipient HLA matching in adults with acute leukemias. Reprinted from Eapen M, Rocha V, Sanz G, et al. Effect of graft source on unrelated donor haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation in adults with acute leukaemia: a retrospective analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11:653−660 [19], with permission. Experimental Hematology 2011 39, 393-412DOI: (10.1016/j.exphem.2011.01.002) Copyright © 2011 ISEH - Society for Hematology and Stem Cells Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Cumulative incidence of 3-year TRM after UCBT. Data are shown by TNC dose (A), HLA-mismatch (B), TNC dose and HLA-mismatch combined (C), and the Kaplan-Meier probability of disease-free survival (D). Recipients of units with either 1 or 2 mismatches were analyzed by separate TNC-dose categories, whereas recipients of zero mismatched units and three mismatched units were not. Reprinted from Barker JN, Scaradavou A, Stevens CE. Combined effect of total nucleated cell dose and HLA match on transplantation outcome in 1061 cord blood recipients with hematologic malignancies. Blood. 2010;115:1843−1849 [45], with permission. Experimental Hematology 2011 39, 393-412DOI: (10.1016/j.exphem.2011.01.002) Copyright © 2011 ISEH - Society for Hematology and Stem Cells Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Cumulative incidence of leukemic relapse by positive (solid line) vs. negative (dotted line) proliferative response status to the herpes viruses (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus) (p = 0.003). Those with antigen-specific proliferative responses to any of the three viruses at any time during the 3-year observation period were considered positive. Reprinted from Parkman R, Cohen G, Carter SL, et al. Successful immune reconstitution decreases leukemic relapse and improves survival in recipients of unrelated cord blood transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2006;12:919−927 [81], with permission. Experimental Hematology 2011 39, 393-412DOI: (10.1016/j.exphem.2011.01.002) Copyright © 2011 ISEH - Society for Hematology and Stem Cells Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Human cord blood as a stem cell source for cell-based regenerative therapies. Human cord blood is now routinely used as an autologous or allogeneic HSC source to treat both malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Cord blood mononuclear cells and enriched stem cell populations have both shown great potential in preclinical cell-based therapies for various degenerative diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Cord blood contains multiple populations of tissue stem cells and progenitors, as well as primitive stem cells, which can further be differentiated to cells representative of all three embryonic germ layers. These primitive stem cells can therefore be a potential alternative to ES or iPS cells for the derivation of somatic cells for tissue regeneration. Experimental Hematology 2011 39, 393-412DOI: (10.1016/j.exphem.2011.01.002) Copyright © 2011 ISEH - Society for Hematology and Stem Cells Terms and Conditions