LESSON 6–5 Rhombi and Squares

Five-Minute Check (over Lesson 6–4) TEKS Then/Now New Vocabulary Theorems: Diagonals of a Rhombus Proof: Theorem 6.15 Example 1: Use Properties of a Rhombus Concept Summary: Parallelograms Theorems: Conditions for Rhombi and Squares Example 2: Proofs Using Properties of Rhombi and Squares Example 3: Real-World Example: Use Conditions for Rhombi and Squares Example 4: Classify Quadrilaterals Using Coordinate Geometry Lesson Menu

WXYZ is a rectangle. If ZX = 6x – 4 and WY = 4x + 14, find ZX. B. 36 C. 50 D. 54 5-Minute Check 1

WXYZ is a rectangle. If WY = 26 and WR = 3y + 4, find y. B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 5-Minute Check 2

WXYZ is a rectangle. If mWXY = 6a2 – 6, find a. B. ± 4 C. ± 3 D. ± 2 5-Minute Check 3

RSTU is a rectangle. Find mVRS. B. 42 C. 52 D. 54 5-Minute Check 4

RSTU is a rectangle. Find mRVU. B. 104 C. 76 D. 52 5-Minute Check 5

Given ABCD is a rectangle, what is the length of BC? ___ A. 3 units B. 6 units C. 7 units D. 10 units 5-Minute Check 6

Mathematical Processes G.1(B), Also addresses G.1(G) Targeted TEKS G.5(A) Investigate patterns to make conjectures about geometric relationships, including angles formed by parallel lines cut by a transversal, criteria required for triangle congruence, special segments of triangles, diagonals of quadrilaterals, interior and exterior angles of polygons, and special segments and angles of circles choosing from a variety of tools. G.6(E) Prove a quadrilateral is a parallelogram, rectangle, square, or rhombus using opposite sides, opposite angles, or diagonals and apply these relationships to solve problems. Mathematical Processes G.1(B), Also addresses G.1(G) TEKS

Recognize and apply the properties of rhombi and squares. You determined whether quadrilaterals were parallelograms and/or rectangles. Recognize and apply the properties of rhombi and squares. Determine whether quadrilaterals are rectangles, rhombi, or squares. Then/Now

rhombus square Vocabulary

Concept 1

Concept 2

Use Properties of a Rhombus A. The diagonals of rhombus WXYZ intersect at V. If mWZX = 39.5, find mZYX. Example 1A

mWZY + mZYX = 180 Consecutive Interior Angles Theorem Use Properties of a Rhombus Since WXYZ is a rhombus, diagonal ZX bisects WZY. Therefore, mWZY = 2mWZX. So, mWZY = 2(39.5) or 79. Since WXYZ is a rhombus, WZ║XY, and ZY is a transversal. mWZY + mZYX = 180 Consecutive Interior Angles Theorem 79 + mZYX = 180 Substitution mZYX = 101 Subtract 79 from both sides. Answer: mZYX = 101 Example 1A

Use Properties of a Rhombus B. ALGEBRA The diagonals of rhombus WXYZ intersect at V. If WX = 8x – 5 and WZ = 6x + 3, find x. Example 1B

WX  WZ By definition, all sides of a rhombus are congruent. Use Properties of a Rhombus WX  WZ By definition, all sides of a rhombus are congruent. WX = WZ Definition of congruence 8x – 5 = 6x + 3 Substitution 2x – 5 = 3 Subtract 6x from each side. 2x = 8 Add 5 to each side. x = 4 Divide each side by 4. Answer: x = 4 Example 1B

A. ABCD is a rhombus. Find mCDB if mABC = 126. A. mCDB = 126 B. mCDB = 63 C. mCDB = 54 D. mCDB = 27 Example 1A

B. ABCD is a rhombus. If BC = 4x – 5 and CD = 2x + 7, find x. A. x = 1 B. x = 3 C. x = 4 D. x = 6 Example 1B

Concept 3

Concept

Write a paragraph proof. Proofs Using Properties of Rhombi and Squares Write a paragraph proof. Given: LMNP is a parallelogram. 1  2 and 2  6 Prove: LMNP is a rhombus. Example 2

Proofs Using Properties of Rhombi and Squares Proof: Since it is given that LMNP is a parallelogram, LM║PN and 1 and 5 are alternate interior angles. Therefore, 1  5. It is also given that 1  2 and 2  6, so 1  6 by substitution and 5  6 by substitution. Answer: Therefore, LN bisects L and N. By Theorem 6.18, LMNP is a rhombus. Example 2

Is there enough information given to prove that ABCD is a rhombus? Given: ABCD is a parallelogram. AD  DC Prove: ADCD is a rhombus Example 2

B. No, you need more information. A. Yes, if one pair of consecutive sides of a parallelogram are congruent, the parallelogram is a rhombus. B. No, you need more information. Example 2

Use Conditions for Rhombi and Squares GARDENING Hector is measuring the boundary of a new garden. He wants the garden to be square. He has set each of the corner stakes 6 feet apart. What does Hector need to know to make sure that the garden is square? Example 3

Use Conditions for Rhombi and Squares Answer: Since opposite sides are congruent, the garden is a parallelogram. Since consecutive sides are congruent, the garden is a rhombus. Hector needs to know if the diagonals of the garden are congruent. If they are, then the garden is a rectangle. By Theorem 6.20, if a quadrilateral is a rectangle and a rhombus, then it is a square. Example 3

A. The diagonal bisects a pair of opposite angles. Sachin has a shape he knows to be a parallelogram and all four sides are congruent. Which information does he need to know to determine whether it is also a square? A. The diagonal bisects a pair of opposite angles. B. The diagonals bisect each other. C. The diagonals are perpendicular. D. The diagonals are congruent. Example 3

Analyze Plot the vertices on a coordinate plane. Classify Quadrilaterals Using Coordinate Geometry Determine whether parallelogram ABCD is a rhombus, a rectangle, or a square for A(–2, –1), B(–1, 3), C(3, 2), and D(2, –2). List all that apply. Explain. Analyze Plot the vertices on a coordinate plane. Example 4

Classify Quadrilaterals Using Coordinate Geometry It appears from the graph that the parallelogram is a rhombus, rectangle, and a square. Formulate If the diagonals are perpendicular, then ABCD is either a rhombus or a square. The diagonals of a rectangle are congruent. If the diagonals are congruent and perpendicular, then ABCD is a square. Determine Use the Distance Formula to compare the lengths of the diagonals. Example 4

Use slope to determine whether the diagonals are perpendicular. Classify Quadrilaterals Using Coordinate Geometry Use slope to determine whether the diagonals are perpendicular. Example 4

Answer: ABCD is a rhombus, a rectangle, and a square. Classify Quadrilaterals Using Coordinate Geometry Since the slope of is the negative reciprocal of the slope of the diagonals are perpendicular. The lengths of and are the same, so the diagonals are congruent. Answer: ABCD is a rhombus, a rectangle, and a square. Justify You can verify ABCD is a square by using the Distance Formula to show that all four sides are congruent and by using the Slope Formula to show consecutive sides are perpendicular. Example 4

Classify Quadrilaterals Using Coordinate Geometry Evaluate We used the definition of each shape to eliminate the choices that were not correct. Our original guess was correct and our answer is reasonable. Example 4

C. rhombus, rectangle, and square Determine whether parallelogram EFGH is a rhombus, a rectangle, or a square for E(0, –2), F(–3, 0), G(–1, 3), and H(2, 1). List all that apply. A. rhombus only B. rectangle only C. rhombus, rectangle, and square D. none of these Example 4

LESSON 6–5 Rhombi and Squares