The Second and Third Republics (1979-1999) Cindy Lee Yu Jin Yang

Regime Democratic rule Weak civilian caretaker government Third republic: planned republican government of Nigeria The presidential form of constitution was intended to create a stronger central government, the weakness of the coalition undermined effective central authority the coalition that dominated federal politics was not strong (this caused problems) lack of cooperation between the NPN-dominated federal government and the twelve states controlled by opposition parties.

Economy Command economy Oil boom ended in mid 1980s  ruined economy Government spending continued to accelerate Heavy investment in economic development  foreign debt increased Steel industry failed A 15-month economic emergency plan International Monetary Fund's Structural Adjustment Program (SAP)

Leaders Shehu Shagari (National Party of Nigeria NPN) Major General Muhammadu Buhari General Ibrahim Babangida Chief Moshood Abiola

Leaders (cont’d) Emest Shonekan General Sani Abacha General Absulsalami Abubakar Olusegun Obasanjo

Political Ideology Babangida : Abacha: Restored freedom of the press encouraged public participation in decision-making Transition to civilian rule and suppressed political opposition Severely restricted civil liberties and political rights Corruption on a large scale Annulled the elections Abacha: Used coercion to suppress civil violence

Change Shift from military power to civilian power.

Bibliography http://workmall.com/wfb2001/nigeria/nigeria_history_the_second_republic_1979_83.html Textbook