2019-2020 Consider revamping this lesson?

Attempts to maintain the Union 1845-1854

Fact Test You have been given a fact test containing 25 question on America C.1845. You have 20 minutes to complete the test. What didn’t you get – get someone to answer it

The 1850 Compromise Key Words: Compromise Great learning: Even better: Good learning: Describe the chronology of the 1850 Compromise Great learning: Explain the key features of the 1850 Compromise Even better: Decide whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice Key Words: Compromise

1850 Compromise What we need to cover Lead up to the Compromise Details of the Compromise Chronology of the Compromise Debate surrounding the Compromise DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

The story so far… The key issue here is about growing sectionalism between the North and the South, and a growing sense of ‘two nations’ with ‘incompatible views’ about many issues. There had ALWAYS been differences (geography, politics, economics, culture and slavery) but it is important NOT to over emphasise or exaggerate the significance of these in c.1845. Remember the whole of the USA is based on a series of compromises especially political ones regarding ‘federal power’ and ‘states rights’. There are also checks and balances to stop one part of the system – whether an institution or indeed a ‘section’ IMPOSING its will on other parts. However by 1850 there seemed to be a very deep divide in the USA. DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

The lead up to the 1850 Compromise TASK: Using pp.47-50 create a timeline that details the lead up to the 1850 Compromise Checklist Wilmot Proviso Calhoun Doctrine Search for Compromise + popular sovereignty 1848 Election Congressional tension California and New Mexico President Taylor DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

Calhoun Doctrine Use p 48 to summarise what Calhoun’s ‘Platform of the South’ DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

The Search for Compromise 1847/8 Option 1 (President Polk’s idea) Extend the 36o30 line (that had been established during the 1820 Missouri Compromise) across the country, This idea was voted down in the House of Representatives by both Northerners and Southerners Pros Cons DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

The Search for Compromise 1847/8 Option 2 (Cass and Douglas) Popular Sovereignty. Let new settlers (not Congress) decide on whether their territory should have slavery or not. Pros Cons DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

1848 Presidential Election LEWIS CASS DEMOCRAT ZACHARY TAYLOR WHIG MARTIN VAN BUREN FREE SOIL PARTY DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice Use p.49 to bullet point key facts about each Candidate

1848 Presidential Election 1848 Presidential Election . Copy down this table, and bullet point 3 conclusions you can reach from the result of the 1848 Presidential election Candidate Votes Percentage Electoral College Taylor 1,360,000 47.5% 163 votes* Cass 1,220,000 42.5% 127 votes Van Buren 291,000 10% 0 votes *Taylor won 8 slave states and 7 free states DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

Address to the people of the Southern States (December 1848) Read the paragraph subtitles ‘Congressional tension’ on p.50 What was the Address to the people of the Southern States? How much support did it gain in Congress? DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

California and New Mexico 1849 As a result of the war with Mexico the people living there found themselves under the jurisdiction of the US Government, previously these areas would have been free of slavery under the Mexican Government so no tradition of slavery existed. Most of those living there regarded slavery as immoral. The land was not that fertile and unsuited to the cash crops that slaves were used for elsewhere. DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

President Zachary Taylor In 1849 Taylor had to deal with the problem of California and New Mexico, because Congress had ended its sitting in March 1849. It would not meet again until December 1849. He decided to act decisively… Got California and New Mexico to frame constitutions without processing a territorial government He was sure they would apply for free state constitutions Thought this would protect slavery! 1849 California applied as a free state Taylor is prepared to admit New Mexico even though it did not have enough people to apply for statehood. It also had a boundary dispute with Texas. (South support Texas, Taylor and North support New Mexico) Put process of become a state on the board and talk through where Taylor cuts corners DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice

1850 Compromise What we need to cover Lead up to the Compromise Details of the Compromise Chronology of the Compromise Debate surrounding the Compromise DESCRIBE the chronology of the 1850 Compromise EXPLAIN the key features of the 1850 Compromise DECIDE whether the 1850 Compromise was a compromise, or an armistice