Warm Up A pendulum with a length of 36.9 cm has a period of 1.22 sec. What is the gravitational field at the pendulum’s location? 9.78 m/s/s.

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Presentation transcript:

Warm Up A pendulum with a length of 36.9 cm has a period of 1.22 sec. What is the gravitational field at the pendulum’s location? 9.78 m/s/s

WAVES

The motion of a disturbance WAVE The motion of a disturbance “Energy on the move” (not matter)

Material through which a wave travels MEDIUM Material through which a wave travels

Some waves require a medium, others don’t!

A wave that needs a medium to exist (ex: sound waves, water waves) MECHANICAL WAVE A wave that needs a medium to exist (ex: sound waves, water waves)

A wave that does not need a medium to exist ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE A wave that does not need a medium to exist (ex: light, UV, radio)

Electromagnetic Spectrum

2 Types of Waves Transverse waves Longitudinal Waves

Particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave motion Transverse Wave Particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave motion

Particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave Longitudinal Wave Particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave motion

Parts of a Wave Crest Trough Wavelength Amplitude

Crest Highest point of a wave

Trough Lowest point of a wave

Wavelength (l) Distance between 2 similar points of a wave (crest to crest)

Amplitude Distance from crest to equilibrium point (half the height)

Measurements of Waves

The time it takes for one wavelength to pass a certain point Period (T) The time it takes for one wavelength to pass a certain point T = 1/f

Number of cycles per unit time (per second) Frequency (f) Number of cycles per unit time (per second) Unit: Hertz (Hz) Hz = s-1

Wave Velocity (V) V = fl The only variable that can change a wave’s velocity is the medium! (not amplitude, wavelength, or frequency)

Exit Question Draw: A transverse wave A longitudinal wave

c = speed of light in a vacuum = 3 c = speed of light in a vacuum = 3.0 x 108 m/s (all electromagnetic waves travel at this speed)

Different Objects Respond to Light Waves in Different Ways

(Air, glass, some plastics) TRANSPARENT Material that transmits light rays such that the object can be clearly seen (Air, glass, some plastics)

(Lampshades, frosted bulbs) TRANSLUCENT Material that transmits light rays, but the object can NOT be clearly seen (Lampshades, frosted bulbs)

Material that DOES NOT transmit light rays OPAQUE Material that DOES NOT transmit light rays (bricks, tables)

Material that reflects light waves Reflecting Material that reflects light waves (mirrors, shiny metal)

Luminous Illuminated