SIMPLE MACHINES
Machines do the following Transform energy from one form to another Multiply force (pulleys can loft more with less force) Multiply speed (bike wheels move faster with gears; swinging a bat) Change direction of a force (flag pole-pull down to raise a flag)
Six Simple Machines Inclined Plane Wedge Screw Lever Wheel and Axle Pulley
Inclined Plane Inclined planes DO NOT move No less work but does allow for less effort
Wedge 2 inclined planes back to back Increases force
Screw Inclined Plane wrapped around a cylinder 2 parts body (cylinder) and thread
Input Force (IF) or Effort Force (EF) Parts of a Lever Page 166 Fulcrum Input Force (IF) or Effort Force (EF) Output Force (OF) or Load Resistance (LR)
Types of Levers pg 166 and 168 1st Class Lever-fulcrum is between the IF/EF and OF/LR (pliers) 2nd Class Lever-OF/LR is between the fulcrum and IF/EF (wheel barrow) 3rd Class Lever- IF/EF is between the fulcrum and OF/LR (arm)
Wheel and Axle Wheel connected to a pole Modified lever: center axle is a fulcrum, wheel is a lever rotating in a circle
Pulley Grooved wheel that turns around an axle Changes the direction of force
FAMILIES Lever Family Inclined Plane Family Levers 1st, 2nd 3rd Class Wheel and Axle Pulley Inclined Plane Family Inclined Plane Wedge Screw