Illustration of a hypothetic model for mechanisms that drive differences in brains between infants with vaginal birth and cesarean delivery. Illustration.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Corresponding midsagittal CT (left), MR (middle), and registered (right) images of the cervical spine show proper alignment and the relationship between.

Advertisements

Demonstration of the creation of a patient-specific brain mold for minimizing tissue distortion during fixation. Demonstration of the creation of a patient-specific.

A 50-year-old man with MD. Axial thin-section CT image shows decreased distance between the vertical limb of the posterior semicircular canal and the posterior.

Resting-sate fMRI analyses of functional connectivity in the DMN in 2-week-old neonates in cohort 1. Resting-sate fMRI analyses of functional connectivity.

A and B, Sagittal (A) and axial (B) fast spin-echo images of the cervical spine before treatment demonstrate diffuse increase in signal intensity (arrows)

Longitudinal MWF in different brain regions for the vaginal delivery (blue) and cesarean delivery (green) groups in cohort 3. Longitudinal MWF in different.

MR images in different patients with SIFs

Image shows appearance of septum within dural sinus in a 68-year-old woman with normal results of an MR imaging examination. Image shows appearance of.

False-positive spectra in an immature (36-week gestation) neonate at 2-day postnatal age. False-positive spectra in an immature (36-week gestation) neonate.

56-year-old woman with diffuse large B cell lymphoma

A, Measurement of the angle between the TS-OP line and the hard palate in the lateral scout view of the brain CT (black arrow). A, Measurement of the angle.

Normalized and averaged images of rGMC and I-123 iomazenil BP

Serial axial T2-weighted images (2000/110/2 at treatment, 3400/100/4 at 6 months and 4000/100/3 at 10 months and 36 months after treatment) in a 52-year-old.

A side-by-side comparison of EPVS in a cognitively healthy control versus a patient with aMCI A, A coronal MR brain image of a cognitively healthy control.

Continued. Continued. E, Light microscopic image of the left hippocampus obtained by amygdalohippocampectomy reveals extensive neuronal loss and gliosis.

Sagittal drawing illustrating the Hox gene family signaling in the hindbrain and the pharyngeal arches. Sagittal drawing illustrating the Hox gene family.

Comparison of conventional (A) and KRISP (B) FLAIR images (8142/135/1; TI = 2250) at the level of the pons. Comparison of conventional (A) and KRISP (B)

Normal MR imaging findings in a 59-year-old man with right SSHL

CT perfusion maps of MTT

A 45-year-old woman with a history of alcohol abuse had changes in consciousness and ocular abnormalities.A, No signal intensity alterations are seen on.

T2-weighted images of a patient with an infarction within the anterior MCA branch territory on day 5 (patient 15) show high SI changes within the ipsilateral.

Brain biopsies from different patients showing typical sarcoid granuloma (short arrows) with a Langerhans-type giant cell (long arrow) (H&E, original magnification.

Same patient as shown in figure 3.

Normal apical ligament (arrow) and normal anterior atlantoaxial ligament (arrowhead) in the diagram (A) and the midsagittal T2-weighted MR image (B) in.

A, MIP coronal 3D PSIF image showing class II injury to the right IAN with mild increase in caliber (less than 50% of the left) and signal intensity of.

Term-born infant with a small dimple at the back and without neurologic symptoms. Term-born infant with a small dimple at the back and without neurologic.

Illustration of a hypothetic model for mechanisms that drive differences in brains between infants with vaginal birth and cesarean delivery. Illustration.

Photomicrograph of the tumor shows the chordoid meningioma with eosinophilic vacuolated tumor cells (large arrow) in a mucous-rich matrix (small arrow)

Trends in the use of head CT and advanced imaging in patients treated with IV thrombolysis from 2008 to Trends in the use of head CT and advanced.

Axial T2-weighted MR imaging at the level of the internal auditory canals, demonstrating a large, homogeneous mass filling the right internal auditory.

Images of a 37-year-old man who was a pedestrian in a traffic accident in January 1992; he was hit by an automobile while under the influence of alcohol.

Bar graph of ADC values (s/mm2) for tumor, contralateral normal tissue, ipsilateral normal tissue, and edema for the group of 15 patients with high-grade.

An infant born at a gestational age of 40+4 weeks with cesarean delivery for fetal distress who had an Apgar score of 0–4–5. An infant born at a gestational.

Representative multislice MIP projections of EPVS in the subcortical brain structures and the basal ganglia of a control and a subject with aMCI. Representative.

A 7-day old neonate, the older sister of patient 1, also presented with neonatal encephalopathy.Axial fast spin-echo T2-weighted image (130/4200/1[TE/TR/NEX])

Posterior fossa SDH in a neonate delivered via SVD

Coronal gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted image (TR/TE/NEX, 500/15/2) illustrates the common appearance of V2 (arrows) within the foramen rotundum as central.

MR spectrum of a normal frontal lobe obtained at 1

A–C, Sagittal T1-weighted (A), sagittal T2-weighted (B), and axial T2-weighted (C) MR images of the cervical spine in a patient with severe myelopathy.

Boxplots and value distribution of Ktrans values in the ASPECTS regions. Boxplots and value distribution of Ktrans values in the ASPECTS regions. A, Boxplots.

DTI TBSS results for the comparison of FA values between 2-week-old neonates born by cesarean delivery or vaginal delivery in cohort 1. DTI TBSS results.

A 61-year-old male patient with right hemiparesis imaged at 2

A 55-year-old woman presenting with left hemiparesis and normal findings on head CT. A, CTP source image shows poor contrast opacification within the right.

Images illustrate the contour and thresholding technique

Sagittal noncontrast T1WI MR imaging of the cervical, thoracic, and upper lumbar spine demonstrates a circumferential high signal intensity (arrows) in.

Differentiation of common pediatric brain tumors by quantitative 1H-MR spectroscopy. Differentiation of common pediatric brain tumors by quantitative 1H-MR.

A 47-year-old woman with a history of alcohol abuse presented with ataxia, changes in consciousness, and ocular abnormalities. A 47-year-old woman with.

Bone algorithm CT images from the same case, demonstrating focal enlargement of the right tympanic segment, in the axial (left) and coronal (right) planes.

Sagittal T1-weighted MR image of the pituitary gland in a term neonate (born at gestational week 38) obtained near term (corrected age of 39 weeks; 7 days.

Sagittal T1-weighted MR image of the pituitary gland in a preterm neonate (born at gestational week 28) obtained near term (corrected age of 39 weeks;

Orbital lymphoma (A–C) compared with OIS (D–F).

Type 2. Type 2. White matter abnormalities, especially around the trigones. FLAIR image of a 4-year-old patient (case 22) (A) with an ATRX mutation of.

A–C, FLAIR (TR/TE, 9002/149. 5), DWI (10000/105

Fundus photos illustrating normal right optic nerve (A) and morning glory optic nerve anomaly (B). Fundus photos illustrating normal right optic nerve.

MR images of the brain (axial sections, fluid-attenuated reversion recovery sequences) show the symmetric hyperintensities (arrows) involving the pyramidal.

Relationships between number and site of traumatic microbleeds and clinical and imaging parameters. Relationships between number and site of traumatic.

Axial T2-weighted image (A) demonstrates focal cortical dysplasia (arrow) centered in the left anterior temporal lobe in a right-handed patient. Axial.

Representative quantitative maps of a patient with brain metastasis.

Axial T2-weighted MR image shows normal flow void in the right internal jugular vein (arrows), whereas flow-related enhancement can be seen in the left.

Bar graph illustrating the rate of leak detection by CTM and MRM

Number of white streaks for the cobalt-containing alloy (upper, black lines) and titanium clips (lower, white lines) scanned in high mode (H) (open symbols,

Resting-sate fMRI analyses of functional connectivity in the DMN in 2-week-old neonates in cohort 1. Resting-sate fMRI analyses of functional connectivity.

Globally increased ASL signal intensity due to artifact.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Brain MR imaging 2 hours after onset of symptoms

Examples of types of AICA loops and eighth CN-AICA relationships.

Persistent diffusion abnormalities in the brain stem of patient 2.

T1-weighted image (TR/TE, 550/14; signals acquired, 2; matrix, 205/256; section thickness, 5 mm; section gap, 0.5 mm; FOV, 16 cm) of a neonate from the.

In another infant with a left-sided BPL paralysis following birth trauma, there is only hyperintensity of the left BPL on the coronal STIR T2-weighted.

Illustration of the point-counting technique applied to estimate hippocampal volume from MR images of a control (C, top row), patient with left-sided seizure.

Presentation transcript:

Illustration of a hypothetic model for mechanisms that drive differences in brains between infants with vaginal birth and cesarean delivery. Illustration of a hypothetic model for mechanisms that drive differences in brains between infants with vaginal birth and cesarean delivery. Under this model, birth mode–associated changes to the gut microbiome lead to alterations in signals to the brain that regulate normal remodeling processes. Because microglia are implicated in this process, the model emphasizes this cell type as a major player in cell-cell cross-talk (red arrows) that modifies overall brain structure and function during the neonatal period. The model provides a theoretic framework for how birth mode contributes to normal neonatal brain development. The figure was generated, in part, by using components from the Servier Medical Art Powerpoint image bank (https://smart.servier.com/), which is under an open-use Creative Commons license. S.C. Deoni et al. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019;40:169-177 ©2019 by American Society of Neuroradiology