The Atom

The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

How small is an atom?

Activity! Bringing things down to size. This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

1 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 1 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

2 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 2 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

3 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 3 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

4 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 4 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

5 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 5 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

6 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 6 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

7 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 7 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

8 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 8 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

9 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 9 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

10 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 10 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

11 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 11 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

12 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 12 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

13 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 13 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

14 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 14 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

15 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 15 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

16 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 16 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

17 Activity! Bringing things down to size. Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11. Cut it in half as precisely as possible. Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 17 This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright 2010 www.sciencepowerpoint.com Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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89 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

90

Answer: If you were to cut the paper in half about 90 times, you would be around the size of the atom. 90

Answer: If you were to cut the paper in half about 90 times, you would be around the size of the atom. The atom is incredibly small. 90 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

90 Please clean up all of the atoms. Answer: If you were to cut the paper in half about 90 times, you would be around the size of the atom. 90 Please clean up all of the atoms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

About a million atoms stacked on top of each other = the thickness of a sheet of paper. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

About 5 million atoms make up a period at the end of a sentence. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Is this you billions of years ago? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer! The atomic particles spinning around billions of years ago are the same atoms that make up planets and all that are on them. Yes, your atoms were stardust. Answer! The atomic particles spinning around billions of years ago are the same atoms that make up planets and all that are on them. Yes, you were once a gas cloud spinning around the universe.

Atoms are like Lego pieces.

These pictures just represent what the atom might look like. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

These pictures just represent what the atom might look like. 1. They are simple models meant for understanding. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

These pictures just represent what the atom might look like. 1. They are simple models meant for understanding. 2. I will attempt to help you understand the universe. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

These pictures just represent what the atom might look like. 1. They are simple models meant for understanding. 2. Today I will attempt to help you understand the universe. 3. I unfortunately must use simple pictures because as we know atoms are very small and they are mostly empty space. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Video. A look at the atoms in steel Video! A look at the atoms in steel. Look closely to get a good look atom . May use an electron microscope. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNvdrpEmS48 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An atom has charged particles, this means it has a (+) and a (-) charge. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An atom has charged particles, this means it has a (+) and a (-) charge. Atoms and some of the particles they are made of carry a charge. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An Atom is the smallest part of an element which can take part in a chemical reaction. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The atom consists of three fundamental particles - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Proton + (positive charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Proton + (positive charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Proton + (positive charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Proton + (positive charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Proton + (positive charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Neutron 0 (neutral charge / no charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Neutron 0 (neutral charge / no charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Neutron 0 (neutral charge / no charge). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Neutron: A particle that appears in the nucleus of all atoms except hydrogen. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Neutron: A particle that appears in the nucleus of all atoms except hydrogen. Neutrons have no electrical charge and just a bit more mass than a proton. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Electron – (negative charge) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

+ Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Nucleus: The positively charged center of the atom. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Nucleus

Atom Song for Review! Recommended DVD. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAGlXPWSX1I&feature=related

Quiz Wiz! 1-4 Name that part of the Atom. Proton, Neutron, Electron, Nucleus Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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The Periodic Table of the Elements

New Area of Focus: Periodic Table of the Elements. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Video! Meet the Elements from TMBG http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0zION8xjbM&feature=fvw

Dimitri Mendeleyev, the father of The Periodic Table of the Elements. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Dimitri Mendeleyev, the father of The Periodic Table of the Elements. Made cards of the elements and then began placing them in logical orders. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Using atomic number instead of atomic mass as the organizing principle was first proposed by the British chemist Henry Moseley in 1913. Helped reorganize the periodic table. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Using atomic number instead of atomic mass as the organizing principle was first proposed by the British chemist Henry Moseley in 1913. Helped reorganize the Periodic Table. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards. Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions Which were missing? How do you know? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions Which were missing? How do you know? How is the periodic table similar to the arrangements of cards? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions Which were missing? How do you know? How is the periodic table similar to the arrangements of cards? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions Which were missing? How do you know? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions Which were missing? How do you know? 5, J, 2, 6, 7, 7, J, 3 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions How is the periodic table similar to the arrangements of cards? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer! The Periodic Table increases in amu from left to right. Rows show the same number of valence E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer! The Periodic Table increases in amu from left to right. Rows show the same number of valence E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer! The Periodic Table increases in amu from left to right. Rows show the same number of valence E- Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Periodic Table of the Elements is a… - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

A chart of all the known elements. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Is in order of increasing atomic number and mass. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Is in order of increasing atomic number and mass. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Atomic Mass and Atomic Number increases as you move across and down. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The table puts elements into groups with similar characteristics. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The table puts elements into groups with similar characteristics. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Allows us to recognize trends over the whole array of elements. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. 1 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. 1 2 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. 1 2 3 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. 1 2 3 4 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. 1 2 3 4 5 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Hydrogen has one valence electron; its in the Alkali Metal Family Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Hydrogen has one valence electron; its in the Alkali Metal Family Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Hydrogen has one valence electron; its in the Alkali Metal Family Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

All other elements in this family, Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, also have only one valence electron. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Fluorine has seven valence electrons Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

This places it in the halogen family Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

I prefer the standard Periodic Table, however, new periodic tables have found creative ways to arrange the elements. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

I prefer the standard Periodic Table, however, new periodic tables have found creative ways to arrange the elements. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity. Worth a quiz grade Activity! Worth a quiz grade. Memorize the first 10 elements and their order from 1-10 in 7 minutes on The Periodic Table of Elements. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Video Song to help memorize the first ten elements. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJGrwWOWt3Q&feature=related

Please say the remaining 100 elements in 2 minutes. You get to use your table…1 minute to practice and your time starts now! Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Video song! Tom Lehrers (1:25 seconds) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYW50F42ss8

Video song! Tom Lehrers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHUo0lG8Gi0

Horizontal row is called Period - (Same # of electron orbitals) - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Horizontal row is called Period (Same # of electron orbitals) Vertical column is called group/family. (Same # of valence electrons) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Is the circled area a period or group on the periodic table? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer! Group / Family Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Period Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr G R O U P Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr PERIOD 

AMU increases from left to right and top to bottom. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

AMU increases from left to right and top to bottom. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr AMU increases as you go from left to right, and from top to bottom Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Transition Metals, found in middle Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Key: Transition Metals Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Transition Metals are… - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Malleable: To be shaped / made into sheets. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Ductile: Made into wire.

Good conductors of electricity. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copper (Cu) is a good conductor of electricity. It is malleable and ductile. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Have a high luster (shine). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Conducts heat well. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Most have a high density. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Most are solid. Hg (mercury is a liquid metal) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Almost 75% of all elements are classified as metals. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Alloys: Metals are easily combined Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bronze age: Copper and tin Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

 Continued Metals… Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Some of the metals Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Some of the metals Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

Some of the metals Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

Some of the metals Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

Some of the metals Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

Some of the metals Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

Some of the metals Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, and Transition Metals.

1st row Alkali Metals (Orange) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

1st row Alkali Metals (Orange) One valence electron Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Key: Alkali Earth Metals Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Alkali metals have one valence electron

Alkali metals have one valence electron Sodium

Alkali metals have one valence electron Halogens have seven valence electrons Sodium

Alkali metals have one valence electron Halogens have seven valence electrons Sodium - Chlorine

Video: Alkali Metals and water. Apologies for the moderately inappropriate expression that is used. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m55kgyApYrY Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Francium

Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.

Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.

Francium: Incredibly reactive in water. This isn’t a Francium Bomb.

Only a few grams of Francium even exist Francium: Incredibly reactive in water. Only a few grams of Francium even exist

It has a half life of 22 seconds Francium: Incredibly reactive in water. It has a half life of 22 seconds

Francium: Incredibly reactive in water. Why waste it on a bomb?

The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table (Aqua). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table (Aqua). They have two valence electrons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table (Aqua). They have two valence electrons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Key: Alkaline Earth Metals Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

What Alkaline Earth metal is this?

Answer! Calcium Atomic # 20

Metalloids: Properties of metals and non-metals - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Semi-conductors Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Brittle Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Can have luster. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Key: Metalloids Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Non-Metals Not metals Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Key: Non-metals Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Non-metals… - Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

H and He are non-metals. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

They are poor conductors. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

They are brittle (break when hit). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Dull in color. (No shine) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Poor conductors of heat. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Is this square translucent? They may be transparent or translucent. Is this square translucent? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

They may be transparent or translucent. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy