Path to Constitutional Monarchy…and Beyond! The French Revolution Path to Constitutional Monarchy…and Beyond!

National Assembly Makes Reforms: The August Decrees - 1789 Abolished remains of feudalism Repealed tithe Did away with the special privileges of 1st & 2nd Estates

Declaration of Rights of Man & Citizen – 1789 Stated that all people were equal before the law (although women not granted equal rights!)

Declaration of Rights of Man & Citizen – 1789 Granted freedom of speech, press & religion Protected citizens against arbitrary arrest & imprisonment

Olympe de Gouges Proposed a Declaration of the Rights of Women Wanted social & political equality for women

Olympe de Gouges Wanted marriage to be a contract of equals Rejected by the National Assembly Declared an enemy an of the revolution & executed Did not apply to women

The King Escapes?!?! The king refused to accept new reforms and/or the Declaration of Rights Attempted to escape France; planned to go to Austria-Hungary

The Forced Move to Paris!! King/royal family apprehended & forced to move to Paris National Assembly also moved to Paris

National Assembly Confiscates Church Lands to pay off debt – 1790

Civil Constitution of the Clergy Placed the French Catholic Church under government control Turned clergy into elected & paid officials The Pope condemned these actions so the Assembly required an oath of loyalty to government

Civil Constitution of the Clergy Peasants, who were mostly Catholic, disliked the Assembly’s actions – RIFT! Church lost lands & political independence – no more separation of Church and State!

Constitution of 1791 Kept monarchy, but limited royal powers - Constitutional Monarchy!! Set up a unicameral legislature – the Legislative Assembly Stripped the king of much of his authority

Constitution of 1791 King reluctantly accepts the limited monarchy BUT people didn’t trust the king – many pushed for a REPUBLIC (citizens elect the leaders)

Political Factions & Seating in the Legislature Radicals Conservatives Moderates right left center Wanted to end monarchy - wanted a republic; change!! Wanted king to share power with legislature; some change!! Favored Limited Monarchy; no change!!

Émigrés Nobles who fled France Plotted to overturn the revolution & restore Louis XVI & Old Regime Tried to convince the rulers of Prussia/Austria to smash the revolution or their OWN rule would be threatened!

War With Austria-Hungary French Revolutionary leaders feared that Austria would try to reinstate Louis XVI Austria-Hungary threatened the French Revolution

War With Austria-Hungary France declared war on Austria in 1792 Proclaimed that the war advanced the cause of liberty in France War threw France into total upheaval

Angry Mobs Attack! August 1792: Paris crowds attacked king’s palace – killed the royal guards King & family fled to Legislative Assembly for protection, but the radicals voted for their imprisonment

2nd Revolution: Radicals Seize the Assembly! Radicals took over assembly & called for a National Convention to create a NEW constitution!! Marks the end of the Constitutional Monarchy & the beginning of the 2nd revolutionary gov’t...