OIL#58: Shorten test procedure (validation test in phase 1a)

Trial Tests with Multi Cycle Test Method Test vehicle: Leaf (Nissan) Test plan (1)SCT (Single cycle test) To conduct the range test for each phase. (2)MCT (Multi cycle test) To consider MCT of WLTP based on SAE. (3) Compare SCT and MCT

Proposed shorten test procedure with MCT based on SAE J1634

Test vehicle Vehicle condition: 2011 Model(ZAA-ZE0) Odometer : 4868 km (before the test) Condition 4WD Chassis dynamometer FF 2WD mode Setting weight (for WLTP gtr condition) 1681kg Ambient temperature deg.C 25

Measured Ranges with SCT This SCT test were conducted in the comparison with MCT and only Middle and Ex-High phases were conditioned in this test. Test Results with SCT Phase Range UBE Usable Battery Capacity Eac AC Recharge Energy Low 177.1 km 18.7 kWh 23.6 kWh Middle 170.1 km 19.7 kWh 24.3 kWh High 147.3 km 20.2 kWh 24.8 kWh Ex-High 98.5 km 19.5 kWh

Example: Measured Discharge Energy with SCT(Middle)

Measured Energy Consumption with MCT Phase Distance km Edc Wh Discharge Energy ECdc Wh/km Energy Consumption Low1 3.10 377 121.6 Middle1 4.75 632 133.2 High1 7.12 986 138.4 Ex-High1 8.25 1652 200.3 Middle2 542 114.0 Low2 335 108.2 CSCM 50.25 7537 150.0 Low3 3.09 108.6 Middle3 4.74 552 116.5 High2 7.11 970 136.4 Ex-High2 8.24 1651 Middle4 539 113.6 Low4 3.08 336 109.1 CSCE 24.26 3495 144.1 Usable Discharge Energy 19.9 kWh Usable Discharge Energy is the summation of Edc.

SOC variation

Calculation equations for ranges with MCT The range with MCT was estimated by the following equations. Energy Consumption Wh/km = k1×EC1+ k2×EC2 + k3×EC3+ k4×EC4 Range km = (Usable Discharge Energy Wh) / (Energy Consumption Wh/km) k1=(Discharge Energy for the first Cycle Wh) / (Usable Discharge Energy Wh) k2= k3= k4 =(1- k1)/3 For middle range; Energy Consumption Wh/km = k1×ECmiddle1+ k2×ECmiddle2 + k3×ECmiddle3+ k4×ECmiddle4 = 115.3 Wh/km Where, k1 = 632 Wh / 19.9 kWh = 0.03 k2 = k3 = k4 = (1- k1)/3 = 0.32 Range km =19.9 kWh/ 115.3 Wh/km = 172.9 km

Estimated Range with MCT Phase Measured Range (SCT) Estimated Range (MCT) Comparison SCT vs MCT Low 177.1km 183.2km 6.1km 3.6% Middle 170.1km 172.9km 2.8km 1.7% High 147.3km 146.1km 1.2km 0.8% Ex-High 98.5km 99.5km 1.0km 1.1% The results show that the error was small. Thus, it is considered that the shorten test procedure with MCT is usable. Time reduction effect with the shorten test procedure with MCT 　　The measurement of four ranges with SCT consumed 22:00. 　　The measurement of four ranges with MCT consumed 3:30.

Effect in duration reduction for tests Ranges Single Cycle Test Shorten test procedure WLTC range only 3days Day1 for charge Day2 for WLTP SCT Day3 for re-charge WLTC range and WLTC city range 5ays Day3 for charge Day4 for WLTP city SCT Day5 for re-charge Calculation is applied for WLTP city range WLTC range, Low phase range, Middle phase range, High phase range and Extra High phase range 11days Day4 for Low phase SCT Day5 for charge Day6 for Middle phase SCT Day7 for charge Day8 for High phase SCT Day9 for charge Day10 for extra High phase SCT Day11 for re-charge Calculation is applied for other ranges

Concerns Fluctuation: Influencing factors on range measurement Single Cycle Test Shorten test procedure Range [km] UBE [Wh] DC electricity consumption [Wh/km] method Constant speed NA Affected Cycle sequence Order of phases Cycle configuration Length of CSC Measurement Speed pattern tracing Strongly affected Especially for the final cycle Robustness: Can the both test procedures produce good agreements on results with other PEVs? ⇒Demand for validation tests