Things to Know for English II Fall Final Exam 2012

Metaphor A form of figurative language used to make writing vivid & to make a comparison Usually provides the reader an image Ex. A mountain of books Ex. A flood of email

Simile A form of figurative language used to make writing vivid & to make a comparison Uses like, as, or than Ex. At 4:10 students scatter like ants from campus

Setting Know how setting can affect the story Setting isn’t just a physical description it can be a time period or a description of the social or political environment

Context Clues Know how to use context clues to figure out the meaning of words you don’t know

Conflict Man vs. man Man vs. nature Man vs. society Man vs. self- internal conflict Man vs. technology or supernatural elements

Irony Expresses the opposite of the literal meaning. A contrast between what is and what ought to be. Used for mockery or jest. A contrast between the purpose of an action and its result.

Other Elements to Know Use your textbook/dictionary to look up: Sarcasm Tone Controlling Idea –thesis-main idea

Types of Evidence You should know how to tell the difference between types of evidence: statistics, expert opinions, anecdotes, logical, facts. An anecdote relates a brief story; it explains what happened, who was involved, and where and when it happened. Empirical Evidence support a reason by using evidence--facts, numbers, history--to support your argument. An authority or expert is a person or an organization with credentials, such as educational degrees, work experience, that demonstrate his or her expertise on the topic discussed. For example, a dentist recommending a toothpaste.