Tim L. Shurtleff, OTD, OTR/L, John W. Standeven, PhD, Jack R

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Presentation transcript:

Changes in Dynamic Trunk/Head Stability and Functional Reach After Hippotherapy Tim L. Shurtleff, OTD, OTR/L, John W. Standeven, PhD, Jack R. Engsberg, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 90, Issue 7, Pages 1185-1195 (July 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026 Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Child with surface markers sitting on testing barrel with spotters low on side. One (of 6) cameras in the background. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Markers as seen in video capture software in computer, showing markers used for analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Functional reach test: child reaching forward to touch target. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Functional reach test: child reaching to side to touch target. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Movement variability (SD) of head angle compared with horizontal indicating that changes from pre-post1 and pre-post2 are significant (P<.05), and no significant change occurred post1-post2 indicating that changes were maintained. Abbreviations: post1, first postintervention test; post2, second postintervention (washout) test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Range of motion of head angle comparing pre-post changes to washout period. Pre-post1 and pre-post2 changes are both significant (P<.05), but post1-post2 is not significant, showing that changes are maintained. Abbreviations: post1, first postintervention test; post2, second postintervention (washout) test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 7 Minimum head angle in the sagittal plane indicating improved ability to hold the head more upright while moving after hippotherapy, it is significant between pre and post (P<.05). The change is maintained after washout (post1–post2 not significant). Abbreviations: post1, first postintervention test; post2, second postintervention (washout) test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 8 The average amplitude of the markers on the head and trunk during the last half of the barrel test after the barrel had reached constant speed. The y-axis represents the average amplitude of the markers at each of 6 points on the horse, trunk, and head (represented by the x-axis). The lines on the graphs represent the 3 tests plus the without-disability (WD) group as specified in the legend. All changes between pre and post1 were significant, and significance was maintained until post2 (P<.05). All comparisons above the barrel (horse) between the CP and WD group were significant and remained so from pre to post1 and post2 (P<.05). There were no significant differences between post1 and post2 for the CP group. Abbreviations: post1, first postintervention test; post2, second postintervention (washout) test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 9 Reach/path ratio comparing results from the CP group over 3 test times with the WD group. Changes were significant from pre to post2 and from post1 to post2 tests (P<.05). The dashed line is the WD baseline for comparison. The graph shows movement toward the WD baseline by the CP group after hippotherapy; however, the difference between CP and WD remained significant (P<.01) for all 3 test times. Abbreviations: post1, first postintervention test; post2, second postintervention (washout) test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 10 Reaching elapsed time. The average elapsed time from rest to first touch comparing results from the CP group to the WD group over 3 test times. Abbreviations: post1, first postintervention test; post2, second postintervention (washout) test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1185-1195DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.01.026) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions